Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC)

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National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in over 16s: diagnosis and management. Jul 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo

Nici L, Mammen MJ, Charbek E, et al. Pharmacologic management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. An official American Thoracic Society clinical practice guideline. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 May 1;201(9):e56-69.Texto completo  Resumen

Jacobs SS, Krishnan JA, Lederer DJ, et al. Home oxygen therapy for adults with chronic lung disease. An official American Thoracic Society clinical practice guideline. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 Nov 15;202(10):e121-41. [Erratum in: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021 Apr 15;203(8):1045-6.]Texto completo  Resumen

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2. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in over 16s: diagnosis and management. Jul 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo

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6. Nissen F, Morales DR, Mullerova H, et al. Concomitant diagnosis of asthma and COPD: a quantitative study in UK primary care. Br J Gen Pract. 2018 Nov;68(676):e775-82.Texto completo  Resumen

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8. Halpin DMG, Celli BR, Criner GJ, et al. The GOLD Summit on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in low- and middle-income countries. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2019 Nov 1;23(11):1131-41.Texto completo  Resumen

9. Meghji J, Mortimer K, Agusti A, et al. Improving lung health in low-income and middle-income countries: from challenges to solutions. Lancet. 2021 Mar 6;397(10277):928-40. Resumen

10. Adeloye D, Song P, Zhu Y, et al. Global, regional, and national prevalence of, and risk factors for, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in 2019: a systematic review and modelling analysis. Lancet Respir Med. 2022 May;10(5):447-58.Texto completo  Resumen

11. Safiri S, Carson-Chahhoud K, Noori M, et al. Burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its attributable risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. BMJ. 2022 Jul 27;378:e069679.Texto completo  Resumen

12. Li X, Cao X, Guo M, et al. Trends and risk factors of mortality and disability adjusted life years for chronic respiratory diseases from 1990 to 2017: systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. BMJ. 2020 Feb 19;368:m234. [Erratum in: BMJ. 2020 Aug 6;370:m3150.]Texto completo  Resumen

13. Varmaghani M, Dehghani M, Heidari E, et al. Global prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. East Mediterr Health J. 2019 Mar 19;25(1):47-57.Texto completo  Resumen

14. Tilert T, Dillon C, Paulose-Ram R, et al. Estimating the U.S. prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2010. Respir Res. 2013 Oct 9;14(1):103.Texto completo  Resumen

15. Ma J, Ward EM, Siegel RL, et al. Temporal trends in mortality in the United States, 1969-2013. JAMA. 2015 Oct 27;314(16):1731-9.Texto completo  Resumen

16. QuickStats: percentage of adults aged ≥18 years with diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, by urbanization level and age group - National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021 Jul 2;70(26):959.Texto completo  Resumen

17. Landis SH, Muellerova H, Mannino DM, et al. Continuing to Confront COPD International Patient Survey: methods, COPD prevalence, and disease burden in 2012-2013. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2014 Jun 6;9(1):597-611.Texto completo  Resumen

18. Han MK. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in women: a biologically focused review with a systematic search strategy. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2020 Apr 1;15:711-21. [Erratum in: Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2021 Nov 4;16:3017-8.]Texto completo  Resumen

19. Lamprecht B, McBurnie MA, Vollmer WM, et al; BOLD Collaborative Research Group. COPD in never smokers: results from the population-based Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study. Chest. 2011 Apr;139(4):752-63.Texto completo  Resumen

20. Syamlal G, Doney B, Mazurek JM. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease prevalence among adults who have never smoked, by industry and occupation - United States, 2013-2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019 Apr 5;68(13):303-7.Texto completo  Resumen

21. Syamlal G, Kurth LM, Dodd KE, et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mortality by industry and occupation: United States, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022 Dec 9;71(49):1550-4.Texto completo  Resumen

22. World Health Organization. Smoking is the leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Nov 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo

23. Lugg ST, Scott A, Parekh D, et al. Cigarette smoke exposure and alveolar macrophages: mechanisms for lung disease. Thorax. 2022 Jan;77(1):94-101.Texto completo  Resumen

24. Park J, Kim HJ, Lee CH, et al. Impact of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution on the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ Res. 2021 Mar;194:110703.Texto completo  Resumen

25. Zhu RX, Nie XH, Chen YH, et al. Relationship between particulate matter (PM2.5) and hospitalizations and mortality of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: a meta-analysis. Am J Med Sci. 2020 Jun;359(6):354-64. Resumen

26. Peng C, Yan Y, Li Z, et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease caused by inhalation of dust: a meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Aug 21;99(34):e21908.Texto completo  Resumen

27. Faruque MO, Boezen HM, Kromhout H, et al. Airborne occupational exposures and the risk of developing respiratory symptoms and airway obstruction in the Lifelines Cohort Study. Thorax. 2021 Mar 2;76(8):790-7.Texto completo  Resumen

28. Lytras T, Kogevinas M, Kromhout H, et al. Occupational exposures and 20-year incidence of COPD: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey. Thorax. 2018 Nov;73(11):1008-15.Texto completo  Resumen

29. Shin S, Bai L, Burnett RT, et al. Air pollution as a risk factor for incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. A 15-year population-based cohort study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021 May 1;203(9):1138-48. Resumen

30. Liu S, Lim YH, Pedersen M, et al. Long-term air pollution and road traffic noise exposure and COPD: the Danish Nurse Cohort. Eur Respir J. 2021 Dec 2;58(6):2004594. Resumen

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32. Lange P, Celli B, Agustí A, et al. Lung-function trajectories leading to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jul 9;373(2):111-22.Texto completo  Resumen

33. Lawlor DA, Ebrahim S, Davey Smith G. Association of birth weight with adult lung function: findings from the British Women's Heart and Health Study and a meta-analysis. Thorax. 2005 Oct;60(10):851-8.Texto completo  Resumen

34. Balte P, Karmaus W, Roberts G, et al. Relationship between birth weight, maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood and adolescent lung function: a path analysis. Respir Med. 2016 Dec;121:13-20.Texto completo  Resumen

35. David B, Bafadhel M, Koenderman L, et al. Eosinophilic inflammation in COPD: from an inflammatory marker to a treatable trait. Thorax. 2021 Feb;76(2):188-95.Texto completo  Resumen

36. Gharib SA, Manicone AM, Parks WC. Matrix metalloproteinases in emphysema. Matrix Biol. 2018 Nov;73:34-51.Texto completo  Resumen

37. Mecham RP. Elastin in lung development and disease pathogenesis. Matrix Biol. 2018 Nov;73:6-20.Texto completo  Resumen

38. Kovacs G, Avian A, Bachmaier G, et al. Severe pulmonary hypertension in COPD: impact on survival and diagnostic approach. Chest. 2022 Jul;162(1):202-12.Texto completo  Resumen

39. Chen P, Li Y, Wu D, et al. Secondhand smoke exposure and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2023;18:1067-76.Texto completo  Resumen

40. Wold LE, Tarran R, Crotty Alexander LE, et al. Cardiopulmonary consequences of vaping in adolescents: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circ Res. 2022 Jul 22;131(3):e70-82.Texto completo  Resumen

41. Rose JJ, Krishnan-Sarin S, Exil VJ, et al. Cardiopulmonary impact of electronic cigarettes and vaping products: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2023 Aug 22;148(8):703-28.Texto completo  Resumen

42. World Health Organization. WHO tobacco knowledge summaries: tobacco and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (‎COPD). Nov 2023​ [internet publication].Texto completo

43. Blanco I, Diego I, Bueno P, et al. Prevalence of alpha1-antitrypsin PiZZ genotypes in patients with COPD in Europe: a systematic review. Eur Respir Rev. 2020 Jul 21;29(157):200014.Texto completo  Resumen

44. Li LS, Paquet C, Johnston K, et al. "What are my chances of developing COPD if one of my parents has the disease?" A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence of co-occurrence of COPD diagnosis in parents and offspring. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2017 Jan 24;12:403-15.Texto completo  Resumen

45. Bellou V, Belbasis L, Konstantinidis AK, et al. Elucidating the risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an umbrella review of meta-analyses. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2019 Jan 1;23(1):58-66. Resumen

46. Gilkes A, Hull S, Durbaba S, et al. Ethnic differences in smoking intensity and COPD risk: an observational study in primary care. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2017 Sep 4;27(1):50.Texto completo  Resumen

47. Chan KH, Kurmi OP, Bennett DA, et al; China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group. Solid fuel use and risks of respiratory diseases. A cohort study of 280,000 Chinese never-smokers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019 Feb 1;199(3):352-61.Texto completo  Resumen

48. Blanc PD, Annesi-Maesano I, Balmes JR, et al. The occupational burden of nonmalignant respiratory diseases. An official American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019 Jun 1;199(11):1312-34.Texto completo  Resumen

49. Lisspers K, Larsson K, Janson C, et al. Gender differences among Swedish COPD patients: results from the ARCTIC, a real-world retrospective cohort study. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2019 Dec 10;29(1):45.Texto completo  Resumen

50. Foreman MG, Zhang L, Murphy J, et al. Early-onset chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with female sex, maternal factors, and African American race in the COPDGene Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011 Aug 15;184(4):414-20.Texto completo  Resumen

51. Silverman EK, Weiss ST, Drazen JM, et al. Gender-related differences in severe, early-onset chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Dec;162(6):2152-8.Texto completo  Resumen

52. Ma Y, Tong H, Zhang X, et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Respir Res. 2019 Jul 9;20(1):144.Texto completo  Resumen

53. Krist AH, Davidson KW, Mangione CM, et al; US Preventive Services Task Force. Interventions for tobacco smoking cessation in adults, including pregnant persons: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2021 Jan 19;325(3):265-79.Texto completo  Resumen

54. Gratziou C. Respiratory, cardiovascular and other physiological consequences of smoking cessation. Curr Med Res Opin. 2009 Feb;25(2):535-45. Resumen

55. Aubin HJ, Farley A, Lycett D, et al. Weight gain in smokers after quitting cigarettes: meta-analysis. BMJ. 2012 Jul 10;345:e4439.Texto completo  Resumen

56. Rebuli ME, Rose JJ, Noël A, et al. The e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury epidemic: pathogenesis, management, and future directions: an official American Thoracic Society Workshop report. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2023 Jan;20(1):1-17.Texto completo  Resumen

57. Bracken-Clarke D, Kapoor D, Baird AM, et al. Vaping and lung cancer - a review of current data and recommendations. Lung Cancer. 2021 Mar;153:11-20. Resumen

58. Herbst RS, Hatsukami D, Acton D, et al. Electronic nicotine delivery systems: an updated policy statement from the American Association for Cancer Research and the American Society of Clinical Oncology. J Clin Oncol. 2022 Dec 10;40(35):4144-55.Texto completo  Resumen

59. United States Public Health Service Office of the Surgeon General; National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (US) Office on Smoking and Health. Smoking cessation: a report of the Surgeon General. NBK555591. 2020 [internet publication].Texto completo  Resumen

60. Public Health England. Improving outdoor air quality and health: review of interventions. Mar 2020 [internet publication].Texto completo

61. Qaseem A, Wilt TJ, Weinberger SE, et al. Diagnosis and management of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a clinical practice guideline update from the American College of Physicians, American College of Chest Physicians, American Thoracic Society, and European Respiratory Society. Ann Intern Med. 2011 Aug 2;155(3):179-91.Texto completo  Resumen

62. Jing JY, Huang TC, Cui W, et al. Should FEV1/FEV6 replace FEV1/FVC ratio to detect airway obstruction? A metaanalysis. Chest. 2009 Apr;135(4):991-8. Resumen

63. Hurst JR, Vestbo J, Anzueto A, et al; Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints (ECLIPSE) Investigators. Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 2010 Sep 16;363(12):1128-38.Texto completo  Resumen

64. World Health Organization. Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency: memorandum from a WHO meeting. Bull World Health Organ. 1997;75(5):397-415.Texto completo  Resumen

65. Miravitlles M, Dirksen A, Ferrarotti I, et al. European Respiratory Society statement: diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary disease in α(1)-antitrypsin deficiency. Eur Respir J. 2017 Nov;50(5).Texto completo  Resumen

66. Krist AH, Davidson KW, Mangione CM, et al; US Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for lung cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2021 Mar 9;325(10):962-70.Texto completo  Resumen

67. Marin JM, Soriano JB, Carrizo SJ, et al. Outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnea: the overlap syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010 Aug 1;182(3):325-31.Texto completo  Resumen

68. Johnston KN, Potter AJ, Phillips A. Measurement properties of short lower extremity functional exercise tests in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: systematic review. Phys Ther. 2017 Sep 1;97(9):926-43.Texto completo  Resumen

69. Siafakas NM, Vermeire P, Pride NB, et al. Optimal assessment and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The European Respiratory Society Task Force. Eur Respir J. 1995 Aug;8(8):1398-420.Texto completo  Resumen

70. Bafadhel M, Peterson S, De Blas MA, et al. Predictors of exacerbation risk and response to budesonide in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a post-hoc analysis of three randomised trials. Lancet Respir Med. 2018 Feb;6(2):117-26. Resumen

71. Harries TH, Rowland V, Corrigan CJ, et al. Blood eosinophil count, a marker of inhaled corticosteroid effectiveness in preventing COPD exacerbations in post-hoc RCT and observational studies: systematic review and meta-analysis. Respir Res. 2020 Jan 3;21(1):3.Texto completo  Resumen

72. Oshagbemi OA, Odiba JO, Daniel A, et al. Absolute blood eosinophil counts to guide inhaled corticosteroids therapy among patients with COPD: systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Drug Targets. 2019;20(16):1670-9. Resumen

73. Pascoe S, Barnes N, Brusselle G, et al. Blood eosinophils and treatment response with triple and dual combination therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: analysis of the IMPACT trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2019 Sep;7(9):745-56. Resumen

74. Cazzola M, Rogliani P, Calzetta L, et al. Triple therapy versus single and dual long-acting bronchodilator therapy in COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Respir J. 2018 Dec 13;52(6):1801586.Texto completo  Resumen

75. Chapman KR, Hurst JR, Frent SM, et al. Long-term triple therapy de-escalation to indacaterol/glycopyrronium in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (SUNSET): a randomized, double-blind, triple-dummy clinical trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2018 Aug 1;198(3):329-39.Texto completo  Resumen

76. US Preventive Services Task Force. Final recommendation statement: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: screening. May 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo

77. Welte T, Vogelmeier C, Papi A. COPD: early diagnosis and treatment to slow disease progression. Int J Clin Pract. 2015 Mar;69(3):336-49.Texto completo  Resumen

78. Celli BR, Anderson JA, Cowans NJ, et al. Pharmacotherapy and lung function decline in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A systematic review. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021 Mar 15;203(6):689-98.Texto completo  Resumen

79. Yang IA, Ferry OR, Clarke MS, et al. Inhaled corticosteroids versus placebo for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 Mar 27;(3):CD002991.Texto completo  Resumen

80. Lemmens KM, Nieboer AP, Huijsman R. A systematic review of integrated use of disease-management interventions in asthma and COPD. Respir Med. 2009 May;103(5):670-91. Resumen

81. Poot CC, Meijer E, Kruis AL, et al. Integrated disease management interventions for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Sep 8;(9):CD009437.Texto completo  Resumen

82. Singh D, Papi A, Corradi M, et al. Single inhaler triple therapy versus inhaled corticosteroid plus long-acting beta2-agonist therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (TRILOGY): a double-blind, parallel group, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2016 Sep 3;388(10048):963-73. Resumen

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84. Papi A, Vestbo J, Fabbri L, et al. Extrafine inhaled triple therapy versus dual bronchodilator therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (TRIBUTE): a double-blind, parallel group, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2018 Mar 17;391(10125):1076-84. Resumen

85. Lipson DA, Barnacle H, Birk R, et al. FULFIL Trial: once-daily triple therapy for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017 Aug 15;196(4):438-46.Texto completo  Resumen

86. Lipson DA, Barnhart F, Brealey N, et al. Once-daily single-inhaler triple versus dual therapy in patients with COPD. N Engl J Med. 2018 May 3;378(18):1671-80.Texto completo  Resumen

87. Rojas-Reyes MX, García Morales OM, Dennis RJ, et al. Combination inhaled steroid and long-acting beta₂-agonist in addition to tiotropium versus tiotropium or combination alone for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Jun 6;(6):CD008532.Texto completo  Resumen

88. Lai CC, Chen CH, Lin CYH, et al. The effects of single inhaler triple therapy vs single inhaler dual therapy or separate triple therapy for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2019 Jul 11;14:1539-48. [Erratum in: Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2020 Jan 21;15:155-6.]Texto completo  Resumen

89. Rabe KF, Martinez FJ, Ferguson GT, et al. Triple inhaled therapy at two glucocorticoid doses in moderate-to-very-severe COPD. N Engl J Med. 2020 Jul 2;383(1):35-48. Resumen

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91. Appleton S, Jones T, Poole P, et al. Ipratropium bromide versus short acting beta-2 agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Apr 19;(2):CD001387.Texto completo  Resumen

92. Chen AM, Bollmeier SG, Finnegan PM, et al. Long-acting bronchodilator therapy for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Pharmacother. 2008 Dec;42(12):1832-42. Resumen

93. Halpin DM, Vogelmeier C, Pieper MP, et al. Effect of tiotropium on COPD exacerbations: a systematic review. Respir Med. 2016 May;114:1-8.Texto completo  Resumen

94. Ismaila AS, Huisman EL, Punekar YS, et al. Comparative efficacy of long-acting muscarinic antagonist monotherapies in COPD: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2015 Nov 16;10(1):2495-517.Texto completo  Resumen

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98. Gershon AS, Newman AM, Fischer HD, et al. Inhaled long-acting anticholinergics and urinary tract infection in individuals with COPD. COPD. 2017 Feb;14(1):105-12. Resumen

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108. Fukuda N, Horita N, Kaneko A, et al. Long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) plus long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) versus LABA plus inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 Jun 5;6(6):CD012066.Texto completo  Resumen

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110. Spencer S, Calverley PM, Burge PS, et al. Impact of preventing exacerbations on deterioration of health status in COPD. Eur Respir J. 2004 May;23(5):698-702.Texto completo  Resumen

111. Sin DD, Wu L, Anderson JA, et al. Inhaled corticosteroids and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax. 2005 Dec;60(12):992-7. Resumen

112. Lee HW, Park J, Jo J, et al. Comparisons of exacerbations and mortality among regular inhaled therapies for patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2019 Nov;16(11):e1002958.Texto completo  Resumen

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