该更新中有何新内容
NICE 更新 COVID-19 快速指南
英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所（National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, NICE）已对其 COVID-19 快速指南进行更新，包涵无创呼吸支持新建议。NICE 建议向对于辅助供氧无反应的低氧血症患者提供持续气道正压通气（continuous positive airway pressure, CPAP），前提是可以选择升级至有创机械通气但并非立即需要，或者对于呼吸支持不应升级至超出 CPAP 不持异议。
NICE 亦已更新其现有的肝素使用建议。指南目前建议，对于需给予低流量或高流量氧、CPAP、无创通气或有创机械通气，且出血风险未呈升高状态的患者，应给予标准预防剂量低分子肝素。对于需给予低流量氧，且出血风险未呈升高状态的患者，可考虑给予治疗剂量（条件性推荐）。中间剂量或治疗剂量仅推荐用于接受高流量氧、CPAP、无创通气或有创机械通气患者的临床试验中。
更多信息，请参阅治疗流程章节。
更新原始来源external link opens in a new window
小结
定义
病史和体格检查
诊断性检查
治疗流程
撰稿人
专家顾问
Nicholas J. Beeching, MA, BM BCh, FRCP, FRACP, FFTM RCPS (Glasg), FESCMID, DCH, DTM&H
Consultant and Emeritus Professor of Tropical and Infectious Diseases
Royal Liverpool University Hospital and Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
Liverpool
UK
利益声明
NJB is partially supported by the National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool in partnership with Public Health England (PHE), in collaboration with Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. He is affiliated with Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. The views expressed are those of the author and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, the Department of Health, or PHE.
Tom E. Fletcher, MBE, PhD, MBChB, MRCP, DTM&H
Senior Clinical Lecturer and Defence Consultant in Infectious Diseases
Royal Liverpool University Hospital and Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
Liverpool
UK
利益声明
TEF is a consultant/expert panel member to the World Health Organization, and is funded by the UK Surgeon General, the NHS, and Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. TEF is partially supported by the National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool in partnership with Public Health England (PHE), in collaboration with Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. He is affiliated with Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. He has received research grants from the Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council, and the UK Public Health Rapid Support Team (UK-PHRST). The views expressed are those of the author and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, the Department of Health, or PHE.
Robert Fowler, MDCM, MS (Epi), FRCP(C)
H. Barrie Fairley Professor of Critical Care
University Health Network and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine
Director
Clinical Epidemiology and Health Care Research
Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation
Dalla Lana School of Public Health
University of Toronto
Chief
Tory Trauma Program
Sunnybrook Hospital
Toronto
Canada
利益声明
RF declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
William A. Petri, Jr., MD, PhD
Professor
Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health
University of Virginia
Charlottesville
VA
利益声明
WAP declares that he has no competing interests.
Xin Zhang, MD, PhD
Attending Physician
The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital
Clinical Division and Research Center of Infectious Disease
Beijing
China
利益声明
XZ declares that he has no competing interests.
Ran Nir-Paz, MD
Associate Professor in Medicine
Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center
Jerusalem
Israel
利益声明
RNP has received research grants from US-Israel Binational Science Foundation, Hebrew University, Rosetrees Trust, and SpeeDx. He is chair of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Study Group for Mycoplasma and Chlamydia Infections (ESGMAC). RNP is a consultant for and has stocks in eDAS Healthcare. He is also chairperson of the Israeli Society for Infectious Diseases guidelines committee.
编辑
Adam Mitchell,
Section Editor (Infectious Diseases)/Drug Editor, BMJ Best Practice
利益声明
AM declares that he has no competing interests.
Irene Chiwele,
Lead Section Editor, BMJ Best Practice
利益声明
IC declares that she has no competing interests.
Julie Costello,
Comorbidities Editor, BMJ Best Practice
利益声明
JC declares that she has no competing interests.
专家顾问：合并症
Martyn Patel, BMBcH, FRCP, MA
Consultant, Older People's Medicine
Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals
NHS Foundation Trust
Norwich
UK
利益声明
MP has accepted speaker fees and/or travel expenses to deliver lectures from: University of East Anglia, Leicester University (speaker fees only); Astellas Pharma Ltd (speaker fees and travel expenses). MP has accepted travel expenses from Newton Europe to present a joint project conducted by his main employer (Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Trust) and Newton Europe at the NHS Confederation conference (Manchester 2018). MP has accepted sponsorship for travel expenses and accommodation costs from Astellas Pharma Ltd to attend the European Geriatric Society Meeting (Lisbon 2016).
Andrew Lewington, BSc (Hons), MBBS, MEd, MD, FRCP
Consultant Renal Physician
Honorary Associate Professor
Nephrology Department
Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
Leeds
UK
利益声明
AL is Associate Clinical Director of NIHR Leeds In-Vitro Diagnostics Co-operative, Co-Chair of UK Kidney Research Consortium Renal Clinical Study Group, Member of Kidney Research UK Research Grant Committee, Committee Member of NICE Kidney Injury Clinical Guideline Update 2018-20, Committee Member of NICE Diagnostic Assessment for Point of Care Creatinine Testing 2018-19. AL attended the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative Meeting in San Diego 2018 (accommodation expenses); AL was a speaker at the AKI & CRRT Conference in San Diego 2019 (travel and accommodation expenses), the AKI Conference in Coventry 2019 (travel expenses), and the NIHR AKI and Sepsis Meeting in Leeds 2019 (no expenses).
Martin Cowie, MD, MSc, FRCP, FRCP (Ed), FESC, FHFA, FACC
Professor of Cardiology
Imperial College London (Royal Brompton Hospital)
London
UK
利益声明
MC is a Non-Executive Director of NICE and Chair the Digital Health Committee of the European Society of Cardiology. MC’s university receives support for his research from Abbott, ResMed, Boston Scientific, and Medtronic. MC speaks at educational events and provides consultancy advice to a number of device, diagnostic, and pharmaceutical companies including Novartis, Servier, Bayer, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche Diagnostics, Medtronic, Abbott, ResMed, and Boston Scientific. MC declares that none of these interests is directly related to topics advised on for this project.
Rachael Evans, MBChB, FRCP (UK), PhD
Associate Professor (Clinical)
University of Leicester
Honorary Consultant Respiratory Physician
Glenfield Hospital
Leicester
UK
利益声明
RAE has been reimbursed for a GSK Advisory Board meeting on Physical Activity and Asthma in November 2016, and three Chiesi Education meetings for GPs on COPD care in 2019. RAE received a travel award for ERS 2017 from Chiesi and participated in the GSK clinical experience programme - respiratory in August 2018. RAE participated in the BTS/SIGN guidelines for asthma update 2016 (no fee).
Gerry Rayman, MD, FRCP
Consultant Physician and Head of Service
Diabetes and Endocrine Centre and the Diabetes Research Unit
Ipswich Hospitals NHS Trust
Ipswich
UK
利益声明
GR has been paid for advisory board meetings with the following companies: Safoni Aventis, Abbott Diabetes UK, Lilly Diabetes, Bayer. GR has received lecture fees from Safoni Aventis, Abbott Diabetes UK, Lilly Diabetes, Novonordisk, Napp Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Sotiris Posporelis, MD, MRCPsych
Consultant Liaison Neuropsychiatrist
King’s College Hospital
South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer
Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience
King’s College London
London
UK
利益声明
SP declares that he has no competing interests.
Acknowledgements,
BMJ Best Practice would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Matthew Jones for his advice on a section of the stroke comorbidity content.
Matthew Jones, MD, FRCP
Consultant Neurologist
Greater Manchester Neurosciences Centre
Salford Royal Foundation Trust
Honorary Senior Lecturer
University of Manchester
Manchester
UK
利益声明
AA and MJ declare that they have no competing interests.
同行评议：合并症
Martyn Patel, BMBcH, FRCP, MA
Consultant, Older People's Medicine
Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals
NHS Foundation Trust
Norwich
UK
利益声明
MP has accepted speaker fees and/or travel expenses to deliver lectures from: University of East Anglia, Leicester University (speaker fees only); Astellas Pharma Ltd (speaker fees and travel expenses). MP has accepted travel expenses from Newton Europe to present a joint project conducted by his main employer (Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Trust) and Newton Europe at the NHS Confederation conference (Manchester 2018). MP has accepted sponsorship for travel expenses and accommodation costs from Astellas Pharma Ltd to attend the European Geriatric Society Meeting (Lisbon 2016).
Asangaedem Akpan, MPH, FRCP
Consultant Geriatrician
Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Visiting Professor
University of Cumbria
Carlisle
Honorary Clinical Associate Professor
University of Liverpool
Liverpool
UK
利益声明
AA declares that he has no competing interests.
内容使用需遵循免责声明