Resumen
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- presencia de factores de riesgo
- exposición al virus del Ébola en los 21 días previos
- fiebre
- mialgia
- inyección conjuntival
Otros factores de diagnóstico
- fatiga
- anorexia
- diarrea
- vómitos
- cefalea intensa
- dolor abdominal o acidez
- tos, disnea, dolor torácico
- dolor de garganta
- postración
- taquipnea
- erupción maculopapular
- sangrado
- hepatomegalia
- linfadenopatía
- hipo
- taquicardia
- hipotensión
- signos neurológicos
Factores de riesgo
- vivir, trabajar o llegar de una zona endémica en los 21 días previos
- contacto con fluidos corporales infectados
- exposición laboral
- matanza de animales o consumo de carne de animales infectados (o posiblemente infectados)
- bioterrorismo
Pruebas diagnósticas
Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar
- reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa (RT-PCR)
- investigaciones de la malaria
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- niveles de electrolitos séricos
- creatinina sérica y urea
- lactato en sangre
- GSA
- hemograma completo (HC)
- estudios de coagulación
- análisis de orina
- pruebas de función hepática (PFH)
- nivel de amilasa sérica
- glucosa sérica
- hemocultivos
- ensayo de inmunoabsorción enzimática (ELISA) de captura de antígeno
- anticuerpos IgM e IgG
- radiografía de tórax
Algoritmo de tratamiento
Colaboradores
Autores
Nicholas J. Beeching, MA, BM BCh, FRCP, FRACP, FFTM RCPS (Glasg), FESCMID, DCH, DTM&H
Consultant and Emeritus Professor of Tropical and Infectious Diseases
Royal Liverpool University Hospital
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
Liverpool
UK
Divulgaciones
NJB is partially supported by the National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at the University of Liverpool and Public Health England. Views expressed in this topic are those of the contributor and do not necessarily represent the official position of the National Health Service, the National Institute for Health Research, the Department of Health, or Public Health England. NJB is an author of references cited in this topic.
Manuel Fenech, MD, MRCP, DTM&H
Specialist Trainee in Infectious Diseases
Royal Liverpool University Hospital
Liverpool
UK
Divulgaciones
MF declares that he has no competing interests.
Tom E. Fletcher, MBE, MBChB, MRCP, DTM&H
Wellcome Trust/MoD Research Fellow
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
Liverpool
UK
Divulgaciones
TEF is an author of a number of references cited in this monograph. TEF is a consultant/expert panel member to the World Health Organization, and is funded by the UK Surgeon General and the Wellcome Trust. TEF has received research grants from the Medical Research Council and the UK Public Health Rapid Support Team (UK-PHRST).
Catherine F. Houlihan, MSc, MB ChB, MRCP, DTM&H
Clinical Lecturer
University College London
Honorary Clinical Lecturer
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
London
UK
Divulgaciones
CFH declares that she has no competing interests.
Agradecimientos
Dr Nicholas J. Beeching, Dr Manuel Fenech, Dr Tom E. Fletcher, and Dr Catherine F. Houlihan would like to thank Dr Colin Brown (Infectious Disease Lead, Kings Sierra Leone Partnership) for his helpful comments and insights.
Divulgaciones
CB declares that he has no competing interests.
Revisores por pares
William A. Petri, Jr, MD, PhD, FACP
Wade Hampton Frost Professor of Epidemiology
Professor of Medicine, Microbiology, and Pathology
Chief
Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health
University of Virginia
Charlottesville
VA
Divulgaciones
WAP declares that he has no competing interests.
Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, MD, FACP, FIDSA, FSHEA
Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology
UT Health Medical School
Medical Director of Epidemiology
Memorial Hermann Texas Medical Center
Houston
TX
Divulgaciones
LO-Z declares that he has no competing interests.
Stephen Mepham, MRCP (UK), FRCPATH, DTM&H, MD
Consultant in Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust
London
UK
Divulgaciones
SM declares that he has no competing interests.
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