Última revisión: 24 Feb 2023
Última actualización: 24 Ene 2023

Resumen

Definición

Anamnesis y examen

Principales factores de diagnóstico

  • presencia de factores de riesgo
  • exposición al virus del Ébola en los 21 días previos
  • fiebre
  • mialgia
  • inyección conjuntival

Otros factores de diagnóstico

  • fatiga
  • anorexia
  • diarrea
  • vómitos
  • cefalea intensa
  • dolor abdominal o acidez
  • tos, disnea, dolor torácico
  • dolor de garganta
  • postración
  • taquipnea
  • erupción maculopapular
  • sangrado
  • hepatomegalia
  • linfadenopatía
  • hipo
  • taquicardia
  • hipotensión
  • signos neurológicos

Factores de riesgo

  • vivir, trabajar o llegar de una zona endémica en los 21 días previos
  • contacto con fluidos corporales infectados
  • exposición laboral
  • matanza de animales o consumo de carne de animales infectados (o posiblemente infectados)
  • bioterrorismo

Pruebas diagnósticas

Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar

  • reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa (RT-PCR)
  • investigaciones de la malaria

Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse

  • niveles de electrolitos séricos
  • creatinina sérica y urea
  • lactato en sangre
  • GSA
  • hemograma completo (HC)
  • estudios de coagulación
  • análisis de orina
  • pruebas de función hepática (PFH)
  • nivel de amilasa sérica
  • glucosa sérica
  • hemocultivos
  • ensayo de inmunoabsorción enzimática (ELISA) de captura de antígeno
  • anticuerpos IgM e IgG
  • radiografía de tórax

Pruebas emergentes

  • pruebas rápidas a pie de cama

Algoritmo de tratamiento

Colaboradores

Autores

Nicholas J. Beeching, MA, BM BCh, FRCP, FRACP, FFTM RCPS (Glasg), FESCMID, DCH, DTM&H

Consultant and Emeritus Professor of Tropical and Infectious Diseases

Royal Liverpool University Hospital

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine

Liverpool

UK

Divulgaciones

NJB is partially supported by the National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at the University of Liverpool and Public Health England. Views expressed in this topic are those of the contributor and do not necessarily represent the official position of the National Health Service, the National Institute for Health Research, the Department of Health, or Public Health England. NJB is an author of references cited in this topic.

Manuel Fenech, MD, MRCP, DTM&H

Specialist Trainee in Infectious Diseases

Royal Liverpool University Hospital

Liverpool

UK

Divulgaciones

MF declares that he has no competing interests.

Tom E. Fletcher, MBE, MBChB, MRCP, DTM&H

Wellcome Trust/MoD Research Fellow

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine

Liverpool

UK

Divulgaciones

TEF is an author of a number of references cited in this monograph. TEF is a consultant/expert panel member to the World Health Organization, and is funded by the UK Surgeon General and the Wellcome Trust. TEF has received research grants from the Medical Research Council and the UK Public Health Rapid Support Team (UK-PHRST).

Catherine F. Houlihan, MSc, MB ChB, MRCP, DTM&H

Clinical Lecturer

University College London

Honorary Clinical Lecturer

London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

London

UK

Divulgaciones

CFH declares that she has no competing interests.

Agradecimientos

Dr Nicholas J. Beeching, Dr Manuel Fenech, Dr Tom E. Fletcher, and Dr Catherine F. Houlihan would like to thank Dr Colin Brown (Infectious Disease Lead, Kings Sierra Leone Partnership) for his helpful comments and insights.

Divulgaciones

CB declares that he has no competing interests.

Revisores por pares

William A. Petri, Jr, MD, PhD, FACP

Wade Hampton Frost Professor of Epidemiology

Professor of Medicine, Microbiology, and Pathology

Chief

Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health

University of Virginia

Charlottesville

VA

Divulgaciones

WAP declares that he has no competing interests.

Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, MD, FACP, FIDSA, FSHEA

Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology

UT Health Medical School

Medical Director of Epidemiology

Memorial Hermann Texas Medical Center

Houston

TX

Divulgaciones

LO-Z declares that he has no competing interests.

Stephen Mepham, MRCP (UK), FRCPATH, DTM&H, MD

Consultant in Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust

London

UK

Divulgaciones

SM declares that he has no competing interests.

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