Resumen
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- presencia de factores de riesgo
- exposición al virus del Ébola en los 21 días previos
- fiebre
- mialgia
- inyección conjuntival
Otros factores de diagnóstico
- fatiga
- anorexia
- diarrea
- vómitos
- cefalea intensa
- dolor abdominal o acidez
- tos, disnea, dolor torácico
- dolor de garganta
- postración
- taquipnea
- erupción maculopapular
- sangrado
- hepatomegalia
- linfadenopatía
- hipo
- taquicardia
- hipotensión
- signos neurológicos
Factores de riesgo
- vivir, trabajar o llegar de una zona endémica en los 21 días previos
- contacto con fluidos corporales infectados
- exposición laboral
- matanza de animales o consumo de carne de animales infectados (o posiblemente infectados)
- bioterrorismo
Pruebas diagnósticas
Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar
- reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa (RT-PCR)
- investigaciones de la malaria
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- niveles de electrolitos séricos
- creatinina sérica y urea
- lactato en sangre
- GSA
- hemograma completo (HC)
- estudios de coagulación
- análisis de orina
- pruebas de función hepática (PFH)
- nivel de amilasa sérica
- glucosa sérica
- hemocultivos
- ensayo de inmunoabsorción enzimática (ELISA) de captura de antígeno
- anticuerpos IgM e IgG
- radiografía de tórax
Algoritmo de tratamiento
Colaboradores
Autores
Catherine F. Houlihan, MSc, MB ChB, MRCP, DTM&H
Clinical Lecturer
University College London
Honorary Clinical Lecturer
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
London
UK
Divulgaciones
CFH has been on a scientific advisory board for Valneva regarding Chikungunya vaccines.
Manuel Fenech, MD, MRCP, DTM&H
Specialist Trainee in Infectious Diseases
Royal Liverpool University Hospital
Liverpool
UK
Divulgaciones
MF declares that he has no competing interests.
Tom E. Fletcher, MBE, MBChB, MRCP, DTM&H
Wellcome Trust/MoD Research Fellow
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
Liverpool
UK
Divulgaciones
TEF is an author of a number of references cited in this monograph. TEF is a consultant/expert panel member to the World Health Organization, and is funded by the UK Surgeon General and the Wellcome Trust. TEF has received research grants from the Medical Research Council and the UK Public Health Rapid Support Team (UK-PHRST).
Agradecimientos
Dr Catherine F. Houlihan, Dr Manuel Fenech, and Dr Tom E. Fletcher would like to thank Dr Nicholas J. Beeching, a previous contributor to this topic, and Dr Colin Brown (Infectious Disease Lead, Kings Sierra Leone Partnership) for his helpful comments and insights.
Divulgaciones
NJB was partially supported by the National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at the University of Liverpool and Public Health England. NJB is an author of references cited in this topic. CB declares that he has no competing interests.
Revisores por pares
William A. Petri, Jr, MD, PhD, FACP
Wade Hampton Frost Professor of Epidemiology
Professor of Medicine, Microbiology, and Pathology
Chief
Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health
University of Virginia
Charlottesville
VA
Divulgaciones
WAP declares that he has no competing interests.
Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, MD, FACP, FIDSA, FSHEA
Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology
UT Health Medical School
Medical Director of Epidemiology
Memorial Hermann Texas Medical Center
Houston
TX
Divulgaciones
LO-Z declares that he has no competing interests.
Stephen Mepham, MRCP (UK), FRCPATH, DTM&H, MD
Consultant in Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust
London
UK
Divulgaciones
SM declares that he has no competing interests.
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