A taxa de letalidade intra-hospitalar para síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavírus (SCPH) é aproximadamente 20% a 50%; a maioria dos óbitos ocorre até 48 horas após a hospitalização.[10]Peters CJ, Khan AS. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: the new American hemorrhagic fever. Clin Infect Dis. 2002 May 1;34(9):1224-31.
https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/34/9/1224/463857
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11941549?tool=bestpractice.com
[13]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Reported cases of hantavirus disease. Apr 2026 [internet publication].
https://www.cdc.gov/hantavirus/data-research/cases/index.html
[57]UK Health Security Agency. Andes hantavirus: epidemiology, outbreaks and guidance. Jun 2026 [internet publication].
https://www.gov.uk/guidance/andes-hantavirus-epidemiology-outbreaks-and-guidance
Até dezembro de 2022, uma taxa de letalidade da infecção por hantavírus de 35% foi relatada nos EUA com base no número de relatos de caso.[13]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Reported cases of hantavirus disease. Apr 2026 [internet publication].
https://www.cdc.gov/hantavirus/data-research/cases/index.html
A taxa de letalidade durante o surto do navio de cruzeiro M/V Hondius em 2026, causado pelo vírus dos Andes (ANDV), foi de 23%. As idades dos 3 pacientes falecidos eram 69, 70 e 79 anos.[21]van den Berg OE, UKHSA ANDV Team, Severi E, et al. Andes virus outbreak linked to expedition cruise ship travel, multi-country investigation and response, April to June 2026. Euro Surveill. 2026 Jun;31(24):2600477.
https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2026.31.24.2600477
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/42318653?tool=bestpractice.com
A infecção pelo vírus Sin Nombre (SNV) produz a SCPH classicamente descrita, com uma mortalidade estimada entre 30% a 50%, embora as taxas de letalidade mais recentes estejam mais próximas do limite inferior dessa faixa.[13]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Reported cases of hantavirus disease. Apr 2026 [internet publication].
https://www.cdc.gov/hantavirus/data-research/cases/index.html
[91]Jacob AT, Ziegler BM, Farha SM, et al. Sin Nombre virus and the emergence of other hantaviruses: a review of the biology, ecology, and disease of a zoonotic pathogen. Biology (Basel). 2023 Nov 9;12(11):1413.
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/11/1413
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37998012?tool=bestpractice.com
[92]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Morbidity and mortality weekly report: hantavirus pulmonary syndrome -United States, 1995 and 1996. Apr 1996 [internet publication].
https://www.cdc.gov/Mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00040781.htm
O vírus Bayou (BAYV) e o vírus Black Creek Canal (BCCV), além de causarem a SCPH, também podem apresentar envolvimento renal significativo, mas, no geral, taxas de mortalidade mais baixas.[9]McCaughey C, Hart CA. Hantaviruses. J Med Microbiol. 2000 Jul;49(7):587-99.
http://jmm.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/0022-1317-49-7-587#tab2
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10882083?tool=bestpractice.com
[10]Peters CJ, Khan AS. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: the new American hemorrhagic fever. Clin Infect Dis. 2002 May 1;34(9):1224-31.
https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/34/9/1224/463857
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11941549?tool=bestpractice.com
[11]Hjelle B, Goade D, Torrez-Martinez N, et al. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, renal insufficiency and myositis associated with infection by Bayou hantavirus. Clin Infect Dis. 1996 Sep;23(3):495-500.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8879771?tool=bestpractice.com
Nos sobreviventes, a fase cardiopulmonar geralmente dura de 2 a 4 dias, seguida por uma fase de diurese com remissão do edema pulmonar em 12 a 24 horas.[58]Mertz GJ, Hjelle B, Crowley M, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of new world hantavirus infections. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2006 Oct;19(5):437-42.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16940866?tool=bestpractice.com
Sobreviventes intubados geralmente podem ser extubados em 1 semana.[10]Peters CJ, Khan AS. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: the new American hemorrhagic fever. Clin Infect Dis. 2002 May 1;34(9):1224-31.
https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/34/9/1224/463857
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11941549?tool=bestpractice.com
Sobreviventes podem geralmente deixar o hospital em 2 semanas.[10]Peters CJ, Khan AS. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: the new American hemorrhagic fever. Clin Infect Dis. 2002 May 1;34(9):1224-31.
https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/34/9/1224/463857
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11941549?tool=bestpractice.com
Não ocorrem disfunções cardíacas subsequentes à remissão do choque cardiogênico (ecocardiografias transtorácicas realizados em três pacientes sobreviventes de SCPH mostraram frações de ejeção cardíaca normais).[75]Hallin GW, Simpson SQ, Crowell RE, et al. Cardiopulmonary manifestations of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Crit Care Med. 1996 Feb;24(2):252-8.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8605797?tool=bestpractice.com