Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- possível exposição ao sarampo
- indivíduos não vacinados/com vacinação incompleta
- febre
- tosse
- coriza
- conjuntivite
- Manchas de Koplik
- exantema maculopapular
Risk factors
- exposição ao vírus do sarampo
- ausência de imunização anterior contra o sarampo
- falha na resposta vacinal contra o sarampo
Diagnostic tests
1st tests to order
- sorologia de imunoglobulina M (IgM) e de imunoglobulina G (IgG) específica ao sarampo (ELISA)
- saliva
Tests to consider
- sorologia das fases aguda e convalescente de IgG específica para sarampo
- detecção de ácido ribonucleico (RNA) do sarampo por reação em cadeia da polimerase
- detecção de antígeno mediante anticorpo fluorescente ou técnicas de reação em cadeia da polimerase
- isolamento do vírus no sistema de cultura de tecido
Treatment algorithm
Contributors
Authors
Elizabeth Barnett, MD
Professor of Pediatrics
Boston University School of Medicine
Boston Medical Center
Boston
MA
Disclosures
EB receives clinical trial funds from Pfizer (COVID, PCV20, and RSV vaccines) and GSK (MMRV vaccine). She receives royalties from Elsevier (Immigrant Medicine), AAP (Nelson's antimicrobial therapy), and honoraria from AAP (Red Book). She participated in an Advisory Board (Sobi, RSV).
Peer reviewers
Sharon Nachman, MD
Professor of Pediatrics
Division Chief Pediatric Infectious Disease
State University of New York at Stony Brook
Stony Brook
NY
Disclosures
SN declares that she has no competing interests.
Linda Nield, MD, FAAP
Professor of Pediatrics
West Virginia University School of Medicine
Morgantown
WV
Disclosures
LN is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
Aisha Sethi, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Associate Residency Program Director
University of Chicago
Chicago
IL
Disclosures
AS declares that she has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
References
Key articles
McLean HQ, Fiebelkorn AP, Temte JL, et al; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention of measles, rubella, congenital rubella syndrome, and mumps, 2013: summary recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep. 2013 Jun 14;62(RR-04):1-34.Full text Abstract
UK Health Security Agency. Measles: the green book, chapter 21. Dec 2019 [internet publication].Full text
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Child and adolescent immunization schedule: recommendations for ages 18 years or younger, United States, 2025. Nov 2024 [internet publication].Full text
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Adult immunization schedule: recommendations for ages 19 years or older, United States, 2025. Nov 2024 [internet publication].Full text
Committee on Infectious Diseases, American Academy of Pediatrics. Measles. In: Kimberlin DW, Banerjee R, Barnett ED, et al, eds. Red Book: 2024-2027 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. 33rd ed. Itasca, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2024.Full text
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available here.
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