Emerging treatments

Passive immunotherapy

There are no clinical trials of passive immunotherapy (administration of human neutralizing antibodies from hantavirus-infected convalescent patients) in humans with Sin Nombre virus (SNV). It has been noted that patients presenting with hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) with high levels of neutralizing antibody had better survival.[34] Immunotherapy in animal models seems to be protective against SNV infection.[47]​ Human immune plasma containing neutralizing antibodies against Andes virus (ANDV) has been shown to reduce the case fatality rate for people infected with ANDV from 32% to 14%.[84]

Novel therapeutics

Novel therapeutics including lactoferrin, ETAR (a nucleoside analog), vandetanib, icatibant, monoclonal antibodies, peptides, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapies are all being investigated for the treatment of hantavirus infection.[7]

Corticosteroids

One randomized, double-blind controlled study of high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone for ANDV-associated HCPS in Chile found no treatment benefit.[85]

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