Prognosis

The in-hospital fatality rate for hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is 30% to 50%, with most of those dying within 48 hours of admission to the hospital.[10][13]​​​[51]​​​ As of December 2022, a case fatality rate for hantavirus infection of 35% has been reported based on the number of case reports in the US.[13]​​

Sin Nombre virus (SNV) infection produces the classically described HCPS with an estimated mortality of 30% to 50%, though more recent case fatality rates have been closer to the lower end of this range.[13][89][90]​ Bayou virus (BAYV) and Black Creek Canal virus (BCCV), as well as causing HCPS, may also have significant renal involvement, but overall lower mortalities.[9][10][11]

In survivors, the cardiopulmonary phase usually lasts 2 to 4 days, followed by a diuresis phase over 12 to 24 hours resolving the pulmonary edema.[52] Intubated survivors can usually be extubated within 1 week.[10]​ Survivors can usually leave the hospital within 2 weeks.[10]

Following the resolution of cardiogenic shock there is no subsequent cardiac dysfunction (transthoracic echocardiograms performed on three patients surviving HCPS showed normal cardiac ejection fractions).[70]

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