病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
常见
shortness of breath and fatigue
lymphadenopathy
Painless lymphadenopathy is common.[3]
Presence of lymphadenopathy can guide staging and treatment. See Diagnostic criteria and Management sections.
splenomegaly
Present in approximately 50% of cases.[4]
Presence of splenomegaly can guide staging and treatment. See Diagnostic criteria and Management sections.
不常见
hepatomegaly
Present in approximately 14% of cases.[4]
Presence of hepatomegaly can guide staging and treatment. See Diagnostic criteria and Management sections.
其他诊断因素
常见
presence of risk factors
Risk factors include age over 60 years, male sex, white ethnicity, and positive family history.
不常见
B symptoms
A minority of patients (approximately 10%) present with B symptoms (fever, drenching night sweats, unintentional weight loss) or other symptoms (e.g., chills, fatigue).[4]
Presence of B symptoms can guide treatment. See Management section.
recurrent infections
Due to dysfunctional lymphocytes and subsequent hypogammaglobulinaemia.
May be present in patients with advanced disease.
epistaxis
Sign of thrombocytopenia.
May be present in patients with advanced disease.
pallor
Sign of anaemia.
petechiae
Sign of thrombocytopenia.
危险因素
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