Discussões com os pacientes
Parents and caregivers of children who are managed as outpatients can be given advice on management of fever with antipyretics and prevention of dehydration. Provision of safety-netting advice is also important, including how to identify any signs of deterioration and where to access further medical assessment if they occur.[9]Harris M, Clark J, Coote N, et al; British Thoracic Society Standards of Care Committee. British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in children: update 2011. Thorax. 2011 Oct;66 Suppl 2:ii1-23.
https://www.brit-thoracic.org.uk/quality-improvement/clinical-resources/paediatric-community-acquired-pneumonia
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21903691?tool=bestpractice.com
Advise caregivers to bring the child for reassessment if any of the following features is present:[3]Haq IJ, Battersby AC, Eastham K, et al. Community acquired pneumonia in children. BMJ. 2017 Mar 2;356:j686.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28255071?tool=bestpractice.com
[9]Harris M, Clark J, Coote N, et al; British Thoracic Society Standards of Care Committee. British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in children: update 2011. Thorax. 2011 Oct;66 Suppl 2:ii1-23.
https://www.brit-thoracic.org.uk/quality-improvement/clinical-resources/paediatric-community-acquired-pneumonia
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21903691?tool=bestpractice.com
[17]National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Pneumonia (community-acquired): antimicrobial prescribing. Sep 2019 [internet publication].
https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng138
A high swinging or persistent fever that continues >48 hours after antibiotic treatment has started.[9]Harris M, Clark J, Coote N, et al; British Thoracic Society Standards of Care Committee. British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in children: update 2011. Thorax. 2011 Oct;66 Suppl 2:ii1-23.
https://www.brit-thoracic.org.uk/quality-improvement/clinical-resources/paediatric-community-acquired-pneumonia
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21903691?tool=bestpractice.com
Any signs of harder work of breathing, such as a fast respiratory rate or chest recession.[9]Harris M, Clark J, Coote N, et al; British Thoracic Society Standards of Care Committee. British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in children: update 2011. Thorax. 2011 Oct;66 Suppl 2:ii1-23.
https://www.brit-thoracic.org.uk/quality-improvement/clinical-resources/paediatric-community-acquired-pneumonia
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21903691?tool=bestpractice.com
Breathing makes the child agitated and distressed.[9]Harris M, Clark J, Coote N, et al; British Thoracic Society Standards of Care Committee. British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in children: update 2011. Thorax. 2011 Oct;66 Suppl 2:ii1-23.
https://www.brit-thoracic.org.uk/quality-improvement/clinical-resources/paediatric-community-acquired-pneumonia
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21903691?tool=bestpractice.com
Symptoms do not start to improve within 3 days.[17]National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Pneumonia (community-acquired): antimicrobial prescribing. Sep 2019 [internet publication].
https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng138
Any child who does not show signs of improvement within 48-72 hours of starting antibiotic therapy also needs reassessment.[1]Bradley JS, Byington CL, Shah SS, et al. The management of community-acquired pneumonia in infants and children older than 3 months of age: clinical practice guidelines by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2011 Oct;53(7):e25-76.
https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/53/7/e25/424286
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21880587?tool=bestpractice.com