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最后审阅： 14 Mar 2026
最后更新： 23 Oct 2025

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • tosse
  • guincho inspiratório
  • coriza
  • vômito pós-tosse
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • apneia
  • complicações neurológicas
完整详情

危险因素

  • status de não vacinado ou vacinado inadequadamente
  • contato próximo com uma pessoa infectada, especialmente em casa
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • cultura de aspirado ou swab nasofaríngeo a partir da nasofaringe posterior
  • teste de amplificação de ácido nucleico (NAAT) ou aspirado nasofaríngeo ou swab nasofaríngeo posterior
  • sorologia
  • Hemograma completo
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • radiografia torácica
  • teste de fluidos orais
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

lactentes <1 mês de idade

lactentes e crianças ≥1 mês de idade e adultos

撰稿人

作者

Elisabeth Adderson, MD

Associate Member

St Jude Children's Research Hospital

Associate Professor of Pediatrics

University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center

Memphis

TN

利益声明

EA declares that she has no competing interests.

鸣谢

Dr Elisabeth Adderson would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr M. Nawal Lutfiyya and Dr Carrie Sharkey-Asner, previous contributors to this topic.

利益声明

MNL declared that she had no competing interests. Unfortunately, we have since been made aware that Dr M. Nawal Lutfiyya is deceased. CSA declares that she has no competing interests.

同行评议者

Anette Faye-Lund, MD

Department of Pediatrics

Hospital of Vestfold

Toensberg

Norway

利益声明

AFL declares that she has no competing interests.

Alexander K.C. Leung, MBBS

Pediatric Consultant

Alberta Children's Hospital

University of Calgary

Alberta

Canada

利益声明

AKCL declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

参考文献

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

关键文献

Havers FP, Moro PL, Hariri S, et al. Pertussis. In: Hall E, Wodi AP, Hamborsky J, et al, eds. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Epidemiology and prevention of vaccine-preventable diseases (the Pink Book). 14th ed. Washington, DC: Public Health Foundation; 2021. Updated Apr 2024.全文

Kilgore PE, Salim AM, Zervos MJ, et al. Pertussis: microbiology, disease, treatment, and prevention. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2016 Jul;29(3):449-86.全文  摘要

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC Yellow Book 2024: health information for international travel. Section 5: travel-associated infections & diseases - pertussis/whooping cough. May 2023 [internet publication].全文

American Academy of Pediatrics. Red book 2024-2027: report of the committee on infectious diseases. May 2024 [internet publication].全文

Liang JL, Tiwari T, Moro P, et al. Prevention of pertussis, tetanus, and diphtheria with vaccines in the United States: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep. 2018 Apr 27;67(2):1-44.全文  摘要

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Clinical overview of pertussis. Apr 2024 [internet publication].全文

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Infection control in healthcare personnel: ​epidemiology and control of selected infections transmitted among healthcare personnel and patients. Jan 2025 [internet publication].全文

参考文献

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available here.

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