Summary
Differentials
Common
- Roseola infantum (sixth disease)
- Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection
- COVID-19
- Atopic dermatitis
- Seborrhoeic dermatitis
- Irritant contact dermatitis
- Pityriasis rosea
- Impetigo
- Tinea corporis
- Tinea capitis
- Scabies
- Insect bites or stings
- Erythema toxicum neonatorum
- Child abuse
- Self-harm/dermatitis artefacta
- Cutaneous candidiasis
- Cutaneous herpes simplex
- Molluscum contagiosum
Uncommon
- Varicella-zoster
- Measles (rubeola)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection
- Dengue fever
- HIV seroconversion
- Rubella (German measles)
- Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
- Allergic contact dermatitis
- Psoriasis
- Mastocytosis
- Folliculitis
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever
- Lyme disease
- Simple drug eruption
- Anaphylaxis
- Sepsis
- Chemotherapy
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis
- Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS)
- Erythema multiforme
- Meningococcal disease
- Scarlet fever
- Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
- Toxic shock syndrome
- Syphilis
- Gonorrhoea
- Infective endocarditis
- Food allergy
- Leukaemia
- Immune thrombocytopenia
- Kawasaki disease
- Juvenile arthritis
- IgA vasculitis (formerly known as Henoch-Schonlein purpura)
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Rheumatic fever
- Sarcoidosis
- Miliaria crystallina
- Transient neonatal pustular melanosis
Contributors
Authors
Patricia Treadwell, MD
Professor Emeritus of Pediatrics and Dermatology
Indiana University School of Medicine
Riley Hospital for Children
Indianapolis
IN
Disclosures
PT declares that her spouse owns stocks in Eli Lilly and Company.
Peer reviewers
Nanette Silverberg, MD
Clinical Professor of Dermatology
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons
New York City
NY
Disclosures
NS declares that she has no competing interests.
Hugo van Bever, MD, PhD
Professor in Pediatrics
Department of Pediatrics
National University Hospital
Singapore
Disclosures
HVB declares that he has no competing interests.
Linda Nield, MD, FAAP
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
West Virginia University School of Medicine
Morgantown
WV
Disclosures
LN is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
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