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Gastroenterite viral

Última revisão: 12 Oct 2025
Última atualização: 09 Aug 2024

Resumo

Definição

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • náuseas
  • vômitos
  • diarreia
  • dor abdominal
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • mal-estar
  • anorexia
  • febre
  • depleção de volume
完整详情

危险因素

  • exposição a alimentos ou fontes de água contaminados
  • contato próximo com pessoas infectadas
  • higiene precária
  • idades extremas
  • Infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV)
  • transplante de órgãos
  • doença crônica
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • diagnóstico clínico
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • perfil metabólico básico
  • função renal
  • testes rápidos de antígeno nas fezes
  • reação em cadeia da polimerase via transcriptase reversa (RT-PCR) das fezes ou reação em cadeia da polimerase multiplex
  • coprocultura para identificação de vírus
  • microscopia eletrônica de fezes
  • exame de fezes para cultura, ovos e parasitas
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

depleção de volume leve a moderada

depleção de volume grave

撰稿人

作者

Ali Hassoun, MD, FACP, FIDSA, AAHIVS

Infectious Disease Specialist

Alabama Infectious Diseases Center

Huntsville

AL

利益声明

AH declares that he has no competing interests.

鸣谢

Dr Ali Hassoun would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Kyle E. Brown, Dr Easwaran Variyam, Dr Robert Schiller, Dr Srikrishna Nagri, and Dr Sury Anand, the previous contributors to this topic.

利益声明

KEB, EV, RS, SN, and SA declare that they have no competing interests.

同行评议者

Alexandre R. Marra, MD

Department of Infectious Diseases

Universidade Federal de São Paulo

São Paulo

Brazil

利益声明

ARM declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

参考文献

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

关键文献

Shane AL, Mody RK, Crump JA, et al. 2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of infectious diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Nov 29;65(12):e45-80.全文  摘要

Farthing M, Salam MA, Lindberg G, et al. Acute diarrhea in adults and children: a global perspective. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2013 Jan;47(1):12-20. 摘要

参考文献

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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