失弛缓症

最后审阅: 24 二月 2023
最后更新: 01 四月 2022

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 吞咽困难
更多 关键诊断因素

其他诊断因素

  • 摆出有助于吞咽的姿势
  • 胸骨后压迫/疼痛
  • 反流
  • 逐渐消瘦
  • 烧心
  • 进食缓慢
  • 平卧时咳嗽/窒息
  • 反复的胸部感染
  • 咽部异物感(癔球症)
  • 呃逆
其他诊断因素

危险因素

  • 疱疹病毒和麻疹病毒
  • 自身免疫性疾病
  • 人类白细胞抗原Ⅱ类抗原
  • 血缘性双亲
  • 三 A(Allgrove)综合征
更多 危险因素

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 上消化道内镜检查
  • 钡餐
  • 高分辨率食管测压
更多 首要检查

需考虑的检查

  • 胸部 X 线检查
  • 放射性核素食管排空试验
  • 食管传输时间测定
  • 胸部 CT
更多 需考虑的检查

治疗流程

初步治疗

未确定治疗方案的患者

急症处理

适宜手术的患者

不适宜手术的患者

撰稿人

作者

Jin-Yong Kang, MD, PhD, FRCP, FRCPEd, FRACP
Jin-Yong Kang

Honorary Consultant Gastroenterologist

St George's Hospital

London

UK

利益声明

JYK declares that he has no competing interests.

Kalliopi Alexandropoulou, MD, FRCP

Consultant Gastroenterologist

Royal Surrey County Hospital

Guildford

Surrey

UK

利益声明

KA declares that he has no competing interests.

鸣谢

Dr Jin-Yong Kang would like to gratefully acknowledge Kalliopi Alexandropoulou, a previous contributor to this topic. KA declares that she has no competing interests.

同行评议者

Nigel Trudgill, MB ChB

Consultant Gastroenterologist

Sandwell General Hospital

West Bromwich

UK

利益声明

NT declares that he has no competing interests.

John de Caestecker, BChir

Consultant in General Medicine

Leicester General Hospital

Leicester

UK

利益声明

JdC declares that he has no competing interests.

David Hackam, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor of Surgery

Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh

Pittsburgh

PA

利益声明

DH declares that he has no competing interests.

George Y. Wu, MD, PhD

Professor of Medicine

University of Connecticut Health Center

Farmington

CT

利益声明

GYW is on the medical advisory boards of the following: Gilead Sciences, Bristol-Myers Squibb, AbbVie, and Intercept.

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