小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 恶心/呕吐
- 腹泻
- 发热
其他诊断因素
- 肌痛
- 头痛
- 腹部压痛
- 血容量不足的体征
- 肠鸣音过度活跃
- 沙门菌感染家族史
危险因素
- 食物接触
- 幼龄或高龄（<12 月龄和>50 岁）
- 免疫抑制状态
- 低胃酸
- 接触有症状的沙门菌患者
- 动物接触
- 抗生素使用
- 糖尿病控制不佳
- 慢性肉芽肿病
- 铁过载
- 营养不良
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 粪便检查
需考虑的检查
- 血培养
- 影像学检查
治疗流程
胃肠炎
慢性携带状态
撰稿人
作者
Ferric C. Fang, MD
Professor of Laboratory Medicine, Pathology, and Microbiology
Adjunct Professor of Medicine (Infectious Diseases)
University of Washington School of Medicine
Seattle
WA
利益声明
FCF is a consultant for bioMérieux and a member of the SaNOtize scientific advisory board, and an author of references cited in this topic.
鸣谢
Dr Ferric C. Fang would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr William A. Petri, Dr Michael Preziosi, Dr Joshua Fierer, and Dr Nancy F. Crum-Cianflone, previous contributors to this topic.
利益声明
JF and NFCC are authors of references cited in this topic. WAP and MP declare that they have no competing interests.
同行评议者
David Acheson, MD
Chief Medical Officer
Director of Food Safety and Security
US Food and Drug Administration
Rockville
MD
利益声明
DA declares that he has no competing interests.
Timothy Jones, MD
Deputy State Epidemiologist
Communicable and Environmental Disease Services
Tennessee Department of Health
Nashville
TN
利益声明
TJ declares that he has no competing interests.
Franz Allerberger, MD, MPH
Head of Division
Division for Public Health
Austrian Agency for Health & Food Safety
Vienna
Austria
利益声明
FA declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 细菌性痢疾
- 弯曲杆菌属感染
- 耶尔森菌病
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 2017 年美国传染病学会（Infectious Diseases Society of America）感染性腹泻诊疗临床实践指南
- 防止动物相关疾病的措施摘要
更多 指南
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