小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 足掌的外侧缘凸起
- 髋关节活动范围不对称
其他诊断因素
- 足行进角度偏离大于该年龄均值的2 倍标准差
- 髋内旋偏离大于该年龄均值2 倍标准差
- 髋外旋偏离大于该年龄均值2 倍标准差
- 腿足轴偏离大于该年龄均值2 倍标准差
- 经踝的轴偏离大于该年龄均值2 倍标准差
- 足跟平分线
- W 形坐姿
- 髌骨面向内侧（偏向或斗鸡眼髌骨）
- 膝外摆
危险因素
- 神经肌肉类疾病
- 转动问题家族史
- 女性
- 子宫内位置异常
- 身材矮小或身体与肢体比比例异常
- 韧带松弛
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 前后位骨盆 X 线
- 膝部和髋关节水平侧位 X 线
- 足 部X 线
需考虑的检查
- 三维成像
- CT评估旋转曲线
新兴检查
- 定量步态分析
治疗流程
无合并症
特定合并症
撰稿人
作者
Sanjeev Sabharwal, MD, MPH
Professor of Clinical Orthopaedics
University of California, San Francisco
Director & Chief, Orthopaedic Surgery
UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland
Oakland
CA
利益声明
SS declares that he has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Sanjeev Sabharwal would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Tamir Bloom, the previous contributor to this topic. TB declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Moon Seok Park, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Orthopedic Surgery
Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
Seoul National University College of Medicine
Seongnam
South Korea
利益声明
MSP is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
Shyam Kishan, MD
Assistant Professor of Orthopaedics
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Loma Linda University
Loma Linda
CA
利益声明
SK declares that he has no competing interests.
In Young Sung, MD, PhD
Professor
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine
Asan Medical Center
University of Ulsan College of Medicine
Seoul
South Korea
利益声明
Not disclosed.
鉴别诊断
- 第一跖骨内翻
- 体位性跟骨外翻
- 髋关节发育不良
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 儿童鞋履选择
更多 指南
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