小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
其他诊断因素
- 盆腔疼痛
- 胀气和早饱感
- 可触及的附件肿块
危险因素
- 绝经前年龄组
- 月经初潮过早
- 妊娠早期
- 有不孕或多囊卵巢综合征的个人病史
- 内源性或外源性促性腺激素增加
- 他莫昔芬治疗
- 吸烟
- 子宫内膜异位症个人或家族史
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 经阴道超声检查
需考虑的检查
- 血清癌抗原(Cancer Antigen, CA)-125
- 腹部/盆腔彩色能量多普勒超声
- 腹部/盆腔 MRI
- 腹部/骨盆 CT 影像学检查
- 核型分析
- 腹腔镜检查/剖腹手术和组织病理学检查
新兴检查
- 腹部/骨盆 PET 影像学检查
- 血清生化标志物(卵巢附件肿块评估评分检测系统)
治疗流程
急性发病
非妊娠:绝经前单纯性卵巢囊肿
非妊娠:绝经前复杂性卵巢囊肿
非妊娠:绝经前实性卵巢囊肿
绝经后单纯性卵巢囊肿
绝经后复杂性卵巢囊肿
绝后经实性卵巢囊肿
妊娠
撰稿人
作者
Sareena Singh, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Northeast Ohio Medical University
Rootstown
OH
Director of Gynecologic Oncology
Aultman Health Foundation
Canton
OH
利益声明
SS declares that she has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Sareena Singh would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Michael P. Hopkins, Dr Christina N. Kufel, Dr Lauren M. Blue, Dr Jay R. Patibandla, and Dr Laura K. Randolph, previous contributors to this topic.
利益声明
MPH, CNK, LMB, JRP, and LKR declare that they have no competing interests.
同行评议者
John Bachman, MD
Consultant in Family Medicine
Parker D Sanders and Isabella Sanders Professor of Primary Care
Rochester
MN
利益声明
JB declares that he has no competing interests.
David Chelmow, MD
Chair
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Virginia Commonwealth University
Richmond
VA
利益声明
DC declares that he has no competing interests.
T. Justin Clark, MD (Hons), MRCOG
Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
Birmingham Women's Hospital
Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Birmingham
UK
利益声明
TJC declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 卵巢癌
- 卵巢扭转
- 多囊卵巢综合征
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 良性卵巢肿块的初始检查和管理
- 单纯性附件囊肿:关于随访和报告的 SRU 共识会议更新
更多 指南患者教育信息
卵巢囊肿
卵巢癌
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