小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 睾丸痛
- 间歇性 疼痛
- 阴囊升高时无疼痛缓解
- 阴囊肿胀或水肿
- 阴囊红斑
- 反应性鞘膜积液
- 高位睾丸
- 水平位
- 无提睾反射
其他诊断因素
- 恶心和呕吐
- 腹痛
- 发热
危险因素
- 25岁以下的患者中
- 新生儿
- 钟锤样畸形
- 创伤/运动
- 间歇性睾丸疼痛
- 隐睾
- 寒冷天气
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 灰阶超声
- 能量多普勒超声
- 彩色多普照
需考虑的检查
- 脉冲多普勒
- 尿液分析
- 闪烁显像
治疗流程
非新生儿
新生儿
撰稿人
作者
Hemanshoo Thakkar, MD
Consultant Paediatric Surgeon
Evelina London Children’s Hospital
Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
London
UK
利益声明
HK declares that he has no conflicting interests.
Richard Lee, MD
Associate Professor of Urology
Department of Urology
Weill Cornell Medical College
New York City
NY
利益声明
RL has received funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
Caroline Kang, MD, PhD
Fellow in Male Reproductive Medicine and Surgery
Department of Urology
Weill Cornell Medical College
New York City
NY
利益声明
CK declares that she has no conflicting interests.
Jessica Marinaro, MD
Fellow in Male Reproductive Medicine and Surgery
Department of Urology
Weill Cornell Medical College
New York City
NY
利益声明
JM declares that she has no conflicting interests.
鸣谢
Dr Hemanshoo Thakkar, Dr Richard Lee, Dr Caroline Kang, and Dr Jessica Marinaro would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr George Kaplan, Dr Deborah Dean and Dr Paul Hamilton, the previous contributors to this topic.
利益声明
GK, DD and PH declared that they had no competing interests.
同行评议者
Eugene Minevich, MD, FAAP, FACS
Associate Professor
Division of Pediatric Urology
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Cincinnati
OH
利益声明
EM declares that he has no competing interests.
Simon E. Kenny, BSc, ChB (Hons), MD, FRCS (Paed), FAAP
Consultant Pediatric Surgeon/Urologist
Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust
Liverpool
UK
利益声明
SEK declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 睾丸附件扭转
- 附睾炎或附睾睾丸炎
- 鞘膜积液
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 小儿泌尿科学指南
- 急性阴囊疼痛和疑似睾丸扭转。
更多 指南患者教育信息
阑尾炎
睾丸癌
更多 患者教育信息
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