睾丸扭转

Kapoor S. Testicular torsion: a race against time. Int J Clin Pract. 2008 May;62(5):821-7. 摘要

Turgut AT, Bhatt S, Dogra VS. Acute painful scrotum. Ultrasound Clin. 2008;3:93-107.

European Association of Urology, European Society for Paediatric Urology. Guidelines on paediatric urology. 2020 [internet publication].全文

Moore SL, Chebbout R, Cumberbatch M, et al. Orchidopexy for testicular torsion: A systematic review of surgical technique. Eur Urol Focus. 2020 Aug 27;:.全文  摘要

O'Kelly F, Chua M, Erlich T, et al. Delaying urgent exploration in neonatal testicular torsion may have significant consequences for the contralateral testis: A critical literature review. Urology. 2021 Jul;153:277-284.全文  摘要

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3. Kapoor S. Testicular torsion: a race against time. Int J Clin Pract. 2008 May;62(5):821-7. 摘要

4. Diamond DA, Borer JG, Peters CA, et al. Neonatal scrotal haematoma: mimicker of neonatal testicular torsion. BJU Int. 2003 May;91(7):675-7. 摘要

5. Ringdahl E, Teague L. Testicular torsion. Am Fam Physician. 2006 Nov 15;74(10):1739-43.全文  摘要

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7. Lyronis ID, Ploumis N, Vlahakis I, et al. Acute scrotum -etiology, clinical presentation and seasonal variation. Indian J Pediatr. 2009 Apr;76(4):407-10.全文  摘要

8. Sharp VJ, Kieran K, Arlen AM. Testicular torsion: diagnosis, evaluation, and management. Am Fam Physician. 2013 Dec 15;88(12):835-40.全文  摘要

9. Cuckow PM, Frank JD. Torsion of the testis. BJU Int. 2000 Aug;86(3):349-53.全文  摘要

10. Greear GM, Romano MF, Katz MH, et al. Testicular torsion: epidemiological risk factors for orchiectomy in pediatric and adult patients. Int J Impot Res. 2021 Mar;33(2):184-190.全文  摘要

11. NHS Information Centre. HESonline: hospital episode statistics. 2011 [internet publication].全文

12. Seng YJ, Moissinac K. Trauma induced testicular torsion: a reminder for the unwary. J Accid Emerg Med. 2000 Sep;17(5):381-2. 摘要

13. Zhong H, Bi Y. Pediatric trauma-induced testicular torsion: A surgical emergency. Urol Int. 2021;105(3-4):221-224.全文  摘要

14. Yíldíz H, Durmus AS, Simşek H, et al. Protective effect of sildenafil citrate on contralateral testis injury after unilateral testicular torsion/detorsion. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2011;66:137-142. 摘要

15. Marcozzi D, Suner S. The nontraumatic, acute scrotum. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2001 Aug;19(3):547-68. 摘要

16. Sessions AE, Rabinowitz R, Hulbert WC, et al. Testicular torsion: direction, degree, duration and disinformation. J Urol. 2003 Feb;169(2):663-5.全文  摘要

17. Pentyala S, Lee J, Yalamanchili P, et al. Testicular torsion: a review. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2001 Jan;5(1):38-47. 摘要

18. Turgut AT, Bhatt S, Dogra VS. Acute painful scrotum. Ultrasound Clin. 2008;3:93-107.

19. Leslie JA, Cain MP. Pediatric urologic emergencies and urgencies. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2006 Jun;53(3):513-27. 摘要

20. Morin OA, Carr MG, Holcombe JM, et al. Optimal predictor of gonadal viability in testicular torsion: Time to treat versus duration of symptoms. J Surg Res. 2019 Dec;244:574-578.全文  摘要

21. European Association of Urology, European Society for Paediatric Urology. Guidelines on paediatric urology. 2020 [internet publication].全文

22. Sparano A, Acampora C, Scaglione M, et al. Using color power Doppler ultrasound imaging to diagnose the acute scrotum. A pictorial essay. Emerg Radiol. 2008 Sep;15(5):289-94. 摘要

23. Ota K, Fukui K, Oba K, et al. The role of ultrasound imaging in adult patients with testicular torsion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Ultrason (2001). 2019 Jul;46(3):325-334.全文  摘要

24. Blaivas M, Brannam L. Testicular ultrasound. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2004 Aug;22(3):723-48. 摘要

25. Vijayaraghavan SB. Sonographic differential diagnosis of acute scrotum: real-time whirlpool sign, a key sign of torsion. J Ultrasound Med. 2006 May;25(5):563-74. 摘要

26. McDowall J, Ahmed A, Gerber L. The ultrasonographic "whirlpool sign" in testicular torsion: valuable tool or waste of valuable time? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Emerg Radiol. Jun 2018 [internet publication].全文

27. Hod N, Maizlin Z, Strauss S, et al. The relative merits of Doppler sonography in the evaluation of patients with clinically and scintigraphically suspected testicular torsion. Isr Med Assoc J. 2004 Jan;6(1):13-5.全文  摘要

28. Fütterer JJ, Heijmink SW, Spermon JR, et al. Imaging the male reproductive tract: current trends and future directions. Radiol Clin North Am. 2008 Jan;46(1):133-47. 摘要

29. Antonis MS, Phillips CA, Blaivas M. Genitourinary imaging in the emergency department. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2011 Aug;29(3):553-67. 摘要

30. Tiemstra JD, Kapoor S. Evaluation of scrotal masses. Am Fam Physician. 2008 Nov 15;78(10):1165-70. 摘要

31. Huang CC, Wen YS. Idiopathic testicular infarction initially masquerading as urolithiasis and epididymitis. Am J Emerg Med. 2007 Jul;25(6):736.e1-2. 摘要

32. Taskinen S, Taskinen M, Rintala R. Testicular torsion: orchiectomy or orchiopexy? J Pediatr Urol. 2008 Jun;4(3):210-3. 摘要

33. Moore SL, Chebbout R, Cumberbatch M, et al. Orchidopexy for testicular torsion: A systematic review of surgical technique. Eur Urol Focus. 2020 Aug 27;:.全文  摘要

34. Cimador M, Dipace M, Castagnetti M, et al. Predictors of testicular viability in testicular torsion. J Pediatr Urol. 2007 Oct;3(5):387-90. 摘要

35. Kaye JD, Shapiro EY, Levitt SB, et al. Parenchymal echo texture predicts testicular salvage after torsion: potential impact on the need for emergent exploration. J Urol. 2008 Oct;180(4 Suppl):1733-6. 摘要

36. Galejs LE, Kass EJ. Diagnosis and treatment of the acute scrotum. Am Fam Physician. 1999 Feb 15;59(4):817-24.全文  摘要

37. Al-Salem AH. Intrauterine testicular torsion: a surgical emergency. J Pediatr Surg. 2007 Nov;42(11):1887-91. 摘要

38. O'Kelly F, Chua M, Erlich T, et al. Delaying urgent exploration in neonatal testicular torsion may have significant consequences for the contralateral testis: A critical literature review. Urology. 2021 Jul;153:277-284.全文  摘要

39. Monteilh C, Calixte R, Burjonrappa S. Controversies in the management of neonatal testicular torsion: A meta-analysis. J Pediatr Surg. 2019 Apr;54(4):815-819.全文  摘要

40. Bush NC, Bagrodia A. Initial results for combined orchiectomy and prosthesis exchange for unsalvageable testicular torsion in adolescents: description of intravaginal prosthesis placement at orchiectomy. J Urol. 2012 Oct;188(4 suppl):1424-8.全文  摘要

41. Hampl D, Koifman L, de Almeida R, et al. Testicular torsion: a modified surgical technique for immediate intravaginal testicular prosthesis implant. Int Braz J Urol. 2021 Nov-Dec;47(6):1219-1227.全文  摘要

42. Kutikov A, Casale P, White MA, et al. Testicular compartment syndrome: a new approach to conceptualizing and managing testicular torsion. Urology. 2008;72:786-789. 摘要

43. Moritoki Y, Kojima Y, Mizuno K, et al. Intratesticular pressure after testicular torsion as a predictor of subsequent spermatogenesis: a rat model. BJU Int. 2012;109:466-470. 摘要

44. Bodiwala D, Summerton DJ, Terry TR. Testicular prostheses: development and modern usage. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2007 May;89(4):349-53.全文  摘要

45. Chen HX, Yang S, Ning Y, et al. Novel double-layer Silastic testicular prosthesis with controlled release of testosterone <i>in vitro</i>, and its effects on castrated rats. Asian J Androl. 2017 Jul-Aug;19(4):433-438.全文  摘要

46. Mor Y, Pinthus JH, Nadu A, et al. Testicular fixation following torsion of the spermatic cord - does it guarantee prevention of recurrent torsion events? J Urol. 2006 Jan;175(1):171-3. 摘要