小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在危险因素
- 耳痛
- 曾有上呼吸道感染症状
- 鼓膜隆起
- 鼓膜炎
其他诊断因素
- 易激惹
- 睡眠障碍
- 发热
- 食欲下降
危险因素
- 日间托儿所托管
- 年龄更大的同胞
- 低龄
- 家族史
- 美洲或阿拉斯加土著人
- 男性
- 没有母乳喂养
- 仰卧位喂养（使用奶瓶托架）
- 使用安抚奶嘴
- 环境中的烟草烟雾
- 社会经济状况较差
- 颅面畸形
- 免疫缺陷
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 无初始检查
需考虑的检查
- 鼓气耳镜检查
- 声导抗检查
- 声反射检查
- 中耳内容物细菌培养
治疗流程
疑似急性中耳炎
确诊急性中耳炎
撰稿人
作者
Carlos E. Armengol, MD
Pediatric Associates of Charlottesville PLC
Assistant Clinical Professor of Pediatrics
University of Virginia Health System
Charlottesville
VA
利益声明
CEA is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
鸣谢
Dr Carlos E. Armengol would like to gratefully acknowledge the late Professor J. Owen Hendley, a previous contributor to this topic.
利益声明
JOH declared that he had no competing interests.
同行评议者
Ozgur Yigit, MD
Chief
ENT Department
Istanbul Training and Research Hospital
Istanbul
Turkey
利益声明
OY declares that he has no competing interests.
Peter Bull, MB FRCS
Retired Consultant Paediatric Otolaryngologist
Formerly at Sheffield Children's Hospital
Sheffield
UK
利益声明
PB declares that he has no competing interests.
Richard Schwartz, MD
Clinical Professor of Pediatrics
Georgetown University and George Washington University School of Medicine
Professor of Pediatrics
Medical College of Virginia
Clinical Professor
University of Virginia Medical College
Charlottesville
VA
利益声明
At the time of the peer review, RS declared no competing interests. We have been informed that Dr Schwartz is now deceased.
鉴别诊断
- 分泌性中耳炎
- 鼓膜炎
- 乳突炎
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