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Acute otitis media

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  • Обзор
  • Теория
  • Диагноз
  • Лечение
  • Последующее наблюдение
  • Источники
Последний просмотренный: 21 Jan 2026
Last updated: 19 Feb 2025

Резюме

Определение

Анамнез и осмотр

Ключевые диагностические факторы

  • otalgia
  • preceding upper respiratory symptoms
  • bulging tympanic membrane
  • myringitis
Полная информация

Другие диагностические факторы

  • irritability
  • sleep disturbance
  • fever
  • decreased appetite
Полная информация

Факторы риска

  • day care attendance
  • older siblings
  • young age
  • family history
  • Native American or Native Alaskan
  • male sex
  • absence of breastfeeding
  • supine feedings (bottle propping)
  • pacifier use
  • environmental tobacco smoke
  • lower socioeconomic status
  • craniofacial anomaly
  • immunologic deficiency
Полная информация

Диагностические исследования

Исследования, которые показаны в первую очередь

  • no initial test
Полная информация

Исследования, проведение которых нужно рассмотреть

  • pneumatic otoscopy
  • tympanometry
  • acoustic reflectometry
  • bacterial culture of middle ear contents
Полная информация

Алгоритм лечения

Начальные

suspected AOM

Острый

confirmed AOM

Составители

Авторы

Carlos E. Armengol, MD

Pediatric Associates of Charlottesville PLC

Charlottesville

VA

Раскрытие информации

CEA is an author of a reference cited in this topic.

Выражение благодарностей

Dr Carlos E. Armengol would like to gratefully acknowledge the late Professor J. Owen Hendley, a previous contributor to this topic.

Раскрытие информации

JOH declared that he had no competing interests.

Рецензенты

Ozgur Yigit, MD

Chief

ENT Department

Istanbul Training and Research Hospital

Istanbul

Turkey

Раскрытие информации

OY declares that he has no competing interests.

Peter Bull, MB FRCS

Retired Consultant Paediatric Otolaryngologist

Formerly at Sheffield Children's Hospital

Sheffield

UK

Раскрытие информации

PB declares that he has no competing interests.

Richard Schwartz, MD

Clinical Professor of Pediatrics

Georgetown University and George Washington University School of Medicine

Professor of Pediatrics

Medical College of Virginia

Clinical Professor

University of Virginia Medical College

Charlottesville

VA

Раскрытие информации

At the time of the peer review, RS declared no competing interests. We have been informed that Dr Schwartz is now deceased.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Список литературы

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Основные статьи

Lieberthal AS, Carroll AE, Chonmaitree T, et al. The diagnosis and management of acute otitis media. Pediatrics. 2013 Mar;131(3):e964-99. [Erratum in: Pediatrics. 2014 Feb;133(2):346.]Полный текст  Аннотация

Sjoukes A, Venekamp RP, van de Pol AC, et al. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, alone or combined, for pain relief in acute otitis media in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Dec 15;(12):CD011534.Полный текст  Аннотация

Статьи, указанные как источники

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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