胸腺肿瘤

最后审阅: 2 Sep 2023
最后更新: 12 Aug 2022

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 重症肌无力
  • 肌无力
  • 面部和上肢水肿
  • 面部充血
  • 颈部、胸壁和/或腹壁的静脉扩张
  • 左臂肿胀
更多 关键诊断因素

其他诊断因素

  • 咳嗽
  • 呼吸困难
  • 发热和/或体重减轻
其他诊断因素

危险因素

  • 重症肌无力病史
  • 45 岁以上
更多 危险因素

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 胸部 X 线检查
  • 胸部增强 CT
更多 首要检查

需考虑的检查

  • 胸部 MRI
  • 组织活检
  • 乙酰胆碱受体抗体
  • 全血细胞计数(FBC)
  • PET/CT 扫描
  • 血清甲胎蛋白
  • 血清 β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(beta-hCG)
更多 需考虑的检查

治疗流程

急症处理

可切除的肿瘤

局部晚期肿瘤

持续性治疗

复发性肿瘤

撰稿人

作者

Douglas Z. Liou, MD

Clinical Assistant Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery

Division of Thoracic Surgery

Stanford University School of Medicine / Stanford Cancer Institute

Stanford

CA

利益声明

DZL declares that he has no competing interests.

Joseph B. Shrager, MD

Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery

Chief, Division of Thoracic Surgery

Medical Director, Thoracic Oncology CCP

Stanford University School of Medicine / Stanford Cancer Institute

Stanford

CA

利益声明

JBS declares that he has no competing interests.

鸣谢

Dr Douglas Z. Liou and Dr Joseph B. Shrager would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Tracey Evans, Dr Nicholas Choong, Dr Mario Gasparri, and Dr Cameron Wright, previous contributors to this topic.

利益声明

TE has received consultancy fees from Genentech and Celgene. She is a board member of Wissahickon Hospice. Educational events include an annual thoracic educational series sponsored by Imedex. NC and MG declare that they have no competing interests. CW is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

同行评议者

Enrico Ruffini, MD

Associate Professor

Thoracic Surgery

University of Torino

Torino

Italy

利益声明

ER is an author of a reference cited in this topic.

James R. Jett, MD

Emeritus Professor of Medicine

National Jewish Health

Denver

CO

利益声明

JRJ is co-editor of the section on thymoma in Up To Date. He is also co-chief medical officer for Biodesix Inc.

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