Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- >20 semanas de gestação
- PA sistólica ≥140 mmHg e/ou PA diastólica ≥90 mmHg e previamente normotensa
- cefaleia
- dor na parte superior do abdome
Other diagnostic factors
- movimentação fetal reduzida
- restrição do crescimento fetal
- edema
- distúrbios visuais
- convulsões
- dispneia
- oligúria
- hiper-reflexia com clônus mantido
Risk factors
- nuliparidade
- pré-eclâmpsia em uma gestação anterior
- história familiar de pré-eclâmpsia
- índice de massa corporal (IMC) >30
- idade materna >40 anos
- gestações múltiplas
- subfertilidade
- hipertensão gestacional
- diabetes preexistente
- enxaqueca
- síndrome do ovário policístico (SOPC)
- doença autoimune
- doença renal
- doença cardiovascular preexistente e hipertensão crônica
- intervalo de ≥10 anos desde a última gestação
- residência em grandes altitudes
- hipotireoidismo
Diagnostic tests
1st tests to order
- urinálise
- ultrassonografia fetal
- velocimetria da artéria umbilical por Doppler
- avaliação do líquido amniótico
- cardiotocografia fetal
- Hemograma completo
- testes da função hepática
- creatinina sérica
- fator de crescimento placentário
Tests to consider
- coagulograma
Treatment algorithm
antes do parto
depois do parto
Contributors
Authors
James J. Walker, MD, FRCPS (Glas), FRCP (Edin), FRCOG

Clinical Director
Maternity Investigation Team
Healthcare Services Investigation Branch
Hampshire
UK
Disclosures
JJW is Honorary President of the Baby Lifeline Training Company and Honorary Medical Director of Action on Pre-eclampsia. He lectures and teaches on pre-eclampsia and maternal safety both nationally and internationally, and is the author of national and local reports into safety investigations for the Healthcare Services Investigation Branch and national and local bodies as Clinical Director.
Lara Morley, MBCHB, BSc, PgCert, PhD, MRCOG, FHEA
NIHR-Clinical Lecturer and Subspecialty Trainee in Reproductive Medicine and Surgery
Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine
University of Leeds
Leeds
UK
Disclosures
LM declares that she has no competing interests.
Jacqueline Clarke, MBBS, PgG Cert, MRCOG, PG Cert
Consultant Obstetrician
Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust
Leeds
UK
Disclosures
JC declares that she has no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Thomas R. Easterling, MD
Professor
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology
University of Washington
Seattle
WA
Disclosures
TRE declares that he has no competing interests.
Andrew Shennan, MBBS, MD FRCOG
Professor of Obstetrics
Maternal and Fetal Research Unit
St Thomas' Hospital
King's College London
London
UK
Disclosures
Not disclosed.
References
Key articles
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Practice bulletin no. 222: gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Jun 2020 [internet publication].Full text
Magee LA, Brown MA, Hall DR, et al. The 2021 International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy classification, diagnosis & management recommendations for international practice. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2022 Mar;27:148-69. Abstract
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis and management. Apr 2023 [internet publication].Full text
Poon LC, Shennan A, Hyett JA, et al. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) initiative on pre-eclampsia: a pragmatic guide for first-trimester screening and prevention. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2019 May;145 Suppl 1:1-33.Full text Abstract
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. PLGF-based testing to help diagnose suspected preterm pre-eclampsia. Jul 2022 [internet publication].Full text
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Differentials
- Hipertensão crônica
- Hipertensão gestacional
- Epilepsia
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