Celulite e erisipela

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Last reviewed: 6 Feb 2026
Last updated: 11 Jun 2025

Summary

Definição

História e exame físico

Principais fatores diagnósticos

  • início agudo de pele vermelha, dolorida, quente e inchada (celulite)
  • pele elevada, bem demarcada e vermelha viva (erisipela)
Detalhes completos

Outros fatores diagnósticos

  • aparência de casca de laranja
  • formação de vesículas
  • sangramento
  • Linfangite
  • unilateralidade
  • febre
  • mal-estar
  • linfadenopatia
  • anormalidades no espaço entre os pododáctilos
  • fatores de risco
  • outros sintomas constitucionais
  • fonte de infecção
  • fatores imunocomprometedores
  • viagem recente
  • flutuação profunda na celulite
  • necrose dérmica
  • sinais de sepse
  • sinais de fasciite necrosante
  • sinais de celulite orbitária ou periorbitária
Detalhes completos

Fatores de risco

  • diabetes
  • edema crônico e insuficiência venosa
  • eczema
  • linfedema
  • episódios prévios de celulite
  • anormalidades no espaço entre os pododáctilos
  • uso de substâncias por via intravenosa
  • obesidade
Detalhes completos

Investigações diagnósticas

Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas

  • hemograma completo
  • velocidade de hemossedimentação (VHS)
  • proteína C-reativa
  • ureia e eletrólitos
  • hemocultura e sensibilidades
Detalhes completos

Investigações a serem consideradas

  • Zaragatoa de pele
  • aspirado de pele
  • biópsia de pele
  • procedimentos de diagnóstico molecular
  • Ultrassonografia no local de atendimento (POCUS)
  • radiografia simples
  • RNM
  • ultrassonografia
  • testes da função hepática
Detalhes completos

Algoritmo de tratamento

Inicial

suspeita de sepse

AGUDA

grave: qualquer sítio (exceto perto dos olhos ou nariz)

qualquer gravidade: local próximo aos olhos ou nariz

não grave: qualquer local (exceto perto dos olhos ou nariz)

CONTÍNUA

recidivas frequentes

Colaboradores

Consultores especialistas

Alexander Alexiou, MBBS, BSc, DCH, FRCEM, Dip IMC RCSEd

Emergency Medicine Consultant

Barts Health NHS Trust

Physician Response Unit Consultant

London’s Air Ambulance

Royal London Hospital

UK

Declarações

AA declares that he has no competing interests.

Jamie Scott, MB BCh, BAO, MSc, FRCEM

Emergency Medicine Consultant

Newham Hospital

Barts Health NHS Trust

Physician Response Unit Senior Fellow

London’s Air Ambulance

Royal London Hospital

Flight Doctor

Essex and Herts Air Ambulance Trust

UK

Declarações

JS declares that he has no competing interests.

Ram Narayanan, MBBS, MEM, MRCEM

ST5 in Emergency Medicine

Whipps Cross Hospital

Barts Health NHS Trust

London

UK

Declarações

RN declares that he has no competing interests.

Agradecimentos

BMJ Best Practice would like to gratefully acknowledge previous expert contributors to this topic, whose work has been retained in parts of the content:

Matthew C. Robinson, MD

Infectious Disease Physician

Austin Infectious Disease Consultants

Austin

TX

Disclosures: MCR declares that he has no competing interests.

Johann Grundlingh MBChB, FCEM, FFICM, EDICM, DFMS, DipMedTox, MMedTox, MSB, ERT, MEWI, MBA

Emergency Medicine Consultant

Royal London Hospital

Barts Health NHS Trust

Honorary Senior Lecturer

Queen Mary University

London

UK

Disclosures: JG declares that he has no competing interests.

Revisores

Susan Croft, MBChB, MRCP, FRCEM

Emergency Medicine Consultant

Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Sheffield

UK

Disclosures

SC declares that she delivered two paid presentations to local general practitioners on acute exacerbations of long-term conditions in March and April 2018 (supported by Astra-Zeneca).

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Sartelli M, Coccolini F, Kluger Y, et al. WSES/GAIS/WSIS/SIS-E/AAST global clinical pathways for patients with skin and soft tissue infections. World J Emerg Surg. 2022 Jan 15;17(1):3.Full text  Abstract

Stevens DL, Bisno AL, Chambers HF, et al. Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of skin and soft tissue infections: 2014 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Jul 15;59(2):e10-52.Full text  Abstract

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Cellulitis and erysipelas: antimicrobial prescribing. Sep 2019 [internet publication].Full text

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
  • Celulite e erisipela images
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  • Diretrizes

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    • WSES/GAIS/WSIS/SIS-E/AAST global clinical pathways for patients with skin and soft tissue infections
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  • Folhetos informativos para os pacientes

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