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Mordidas de animais

Last reviewed: 12 Aug 2025
Last updated: 15 Apr 2025

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • circunstâncias da mordida de animal
  • descrição da ferida
  • eritema
  • induração
  • flutuação
  • drenagem purulenta
  • adenopatia regional
  • tecido necrosado
  • sinais vitais instáveis
Full details

Risk factors

  • idade <14 anos
  • tutela de animal de estimação
  • grupos de alto risco (para infecção por raiva)
  • procedimentos médicos prévios (aumento do risco de infecção em caso de mordida)
  • doenças subjacentes (aumento do risco de infecção em caso de mordida)
Full details

Diagnostic tests

Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar

  • culturas da ferida
  • radiografia
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse

  • Hemograma completo
  • hemoculturas
  • angiografia
  • fotografia
  • swab do ácido desoxirribonucleico (DNA)
Todos los datos

Algoritmo de tratamiento

Agudo

feridas não infectadas

mordida infeccionada sem complicação: sem alergia à penicilina

mordida infeccionada sem complicação: com alergia à penicilina

mordidas com complicação: sem alergia à penicilina

mordidas com complicação: com alergia à penicilina

Colaboradores

Autores

Oliver Spencer, MBBS, BSc, MRCS, FRCEM

Consultant, Emergency Medicine

Croydon University Hospital NHS Trust

London

UK

Divulgaciones

OS declares that he has no competing interests.

Subhro Banerjee, MBBS, FRCEM

Consultant, Emergency Medicine

Croydon University Hospital

London

UK

Divulgaciones

SB has no competing interests.

Agradecimientos

Dr Oliver Spencer and Dr Subhro Banerjee would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr A. Parfitt, Dr Randy Taplitz, and Dr Eric Chang, the previous contributors to this topic. AP and EC declare that they have no competing interests. RT has received funding from Pfizer to attend several antifungal symposia and funding from Schering-Plough to attend an antifungal Speaker's Bureau Workshop.

Revisores por pares

Cynthia Christy, MD

Associate Chief of Pediatrics

General Pediatrics/Pediatric Infectious Diseases

University of Rochester

New York

NY

Divulgaciones

CC declares that she has no competing interests.

Gregory Conners, MD, MPH, MBA, FAAP, FACEP

Interim Chair of Emergency Medicine

Professor of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics

University of Rochester

New York

NY

Divulgaciones

GC declares that he has no competing interests.

Jeffrey R. Suchard, MD, FACEP, FACMT

Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine

Director of Medical Toxicology

Department of Emergency Medicine

University of California

Irvine Medical Center

Orange

CA

Divulgaciones

JRS declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Referencias

Nuestros equipos internos de evidencia y editoriales colaboran con colaboradores expertos internacionales y revisores pares para garantizar que brindemos acceso a la información más clínicamente relevante posible.

Artículos principales

Rao AK, Briggs D, Moore SM, et al. Use of a modified preexposure prophylaxis vaccination schedule to prevent human rabies: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2022. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022 May 6;71(18):619-27.Texto completo  Resumen

Stevens DL, Bisno AL, Chambers HF, et al. Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of skin and soft tissue infections: 2014 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Jul 15;59(2):e10-52.Texto completo  Resumen

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Human and animal bites: antimicrobial prescribing. November 2020 [internet publication].Texto completo

Artículos de referencia

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