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Tumor tímico

  • Visão geral
  • Teoria
  • Diagnóstico
  • Tratamento
  • ACOMPANHAMENTO
  • Recursos
Última revisão: 21 Sep 2025
Última atualização: 23 Feb 2024

Resumo

Definição

História e exame físico

Principais fatores diagnósticos

  • miastenia gravis
  • fraqueza muscular
  • edema facial e de membros superiores
  • pletora facial
  • veias dilatadas no pescoço e parede torácica e/ou abdominal
  • edema no braço esquerdo
Detalhes completos

Outros fatores diagnósticos

  • tosse
  • dispneia
  • febre e/ou perda de peso
Detalhes completos

Fatores de risco

  • história de miastenia gravis
  • idade >45 anos
Detalhes completos

Investigações diagnósticas

Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas

  • radiografia torácica
  • tomografia computadorizada (TC) do tórax com meio de contraste intravenoso
Detalhes completos

Investigações a serem consideradas

  • ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) do tórax
  • biópsia tecidual
  • anticorpos contra o receptor da acetilcolina
  • Hemograma completo
  • tomografia por emissão de pósitrons/tomografia computadorizada (PET/TC)
  • alfafetoproteína sérica (AFP)
  • gonadotrofina coriônica humana beta sérica (beta-hCG)
Detalhes completos

Algoritmo de tratamento

AGUDA

tumor ressecável

tumor localmente avançado

CONTÍNUA

tumor recorrente

Colaboradores

Autores

Douglas Z. Liou, MD

Clinical Associate Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery

Division of Thoracic Surgery

Stanford University School of Medicine / Stanford Cancer Institute

Stanford

CA

Declarações

DZL declares that he has no competing interests.

Joseph B. Shrager, MD

Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery

Chief, Division of Thoracic Surgery

Medical Director, Thoracic Oncology CCP

Stanford University School of Medicine / Stanford Cancer Institute

Stanford

CA

Declarações

JBS declares that he has no competing interests.

Nathaniel J. Myall, MD

Clinical Assistant Professor of Medical Oncology

Stanford University School of Medicine / Stanford Cancer Institute

Stanford

CA

Declarações

NJM declares that he has no competing interests.

Kavitha Ramchandran, MD

Professor of Medical Oncology

Stanford University School of Medicine / Stanford Cancer Institute

Stanford

CA

Declarações

KR has been compensated for consulting services by Varian Medical Systems and Curio Bioscience. She has served on the advisory council for Group Well and Pathomiq and has received honorarium from the Binaytara Foundation for speaking at a conference.

Lucas Kas Vitzthum, MD

Clinical Assistant Professor of Radiation Oncology

Department of Radiation Oncology

Stanford University School of Medicine

Stanford

CA

Disclosures

LKV has received research funding from RefleXion Medical.

Acknowledgements

Dr Douglas Z. Liou, Dr Joseph B. Shrager, Dr Nathaniel J. Myall, Dr Kavitha Ramchandran, and Dr Lucas Kas Vitzthum would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Tracey Evans, Dr Nicholas Choong, Dr Mario Gasparri, and Dr Cameron Wright, previous contributors to this topic.

Disclosures

TE has received consultancy fees from Genentech and Celgene. She is a board member of Wissahickon Hospice. Educational events include an annual thoracic educational series sponsored by Imedex. NC and MG declare that they have no competing interests. CW is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Peer reviewers

Enrico Ruffini, MD

Associate Professor

Thoracic Surgery

University of Torino

Torino

Italy

Disclosures

ER is an author of a reference cited in this topic.

James R. Jett, MD

Emeritus Professor of Medicine

National Jewish Health

Denver

CO

Disclosures

JRJ is co-editor of the section on thymoma in Up To Date. He is also co-chief medical officer for Biodesix Inc.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Girard N, Ruffini E, Marx A, et al. Thymic epithelial tumours: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2015;26(suppl 5):v40-v55.Full text  Abstract

Phan AT, Öberg K, Choi J, et al. NANETS consensus guideline for the diagnosis and management of neuroendocrine tumors: well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of the thorax (includes lung and thymus). Pancreas. 2010;39:784-98.Full text  Abstract

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: thymomas and thymic carcinomas [internet publication].Full text

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
  • Tumor tímico images

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  • Guidelines

    • NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: thymomas and thymic carcinomas
    • Surgical, radiation, and systemic treatments of patients with thymic epithelial tumours
    More Guidelines
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