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Fibrilação atrial estabelecida

Last reviewed: 20 Jul 2025
Last updated: 22 Nov 2024

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • palpitações
  • taquicardia
  • pulso irregular
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • acidente vascular cerebral (AVC)
  • dispneia
  • fadiga
  • dor torácica
  • tontura
  • síncope
  • hipotensão
  • pressão venosa jugular elevada
  • sopro ou ritmo de galope
  • estertores
  • atividade mental diminuída ou desatenção
Full details

Risk factors

  • hipertensão
  • doença arterial coronariana (DAC)
  • insuficiência cardíaca congestiva
  • idade avançada
  • diabetes mellitus
  • valvopatia
  • cardiomiopatia hipertrófica
  • abuso de álcool
  • presença de outras arritmias
  • tabagismo
  • obesidade
  • distúrbios respiratórios do sono (DRS)
  • doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC)
  • doença renal crônica (DRC)
  • estilo de vida sedentário
  • doença tireoidiana
  • disfunção neuronal autonômica
  • uso indevido de cafeína
  • câncer
  • longas horas de trabalho
  • esforço excessivo
  • altura
  • poluição do ar
  • enxaqueca
Full details

Diagnostic tests

1st tests to order

  • eletrocardiograma (ECG)
  • perfil tireoidiano
  • ecocardiograma
  • ureia e eletrólitos séricos (incluindo o magnésio sérico)
Full details

Tests to consider

  • transaminases séricas
  • monitoramento de ECG prolongado
  • glicose sanguínea em jejum ou HbA1c
  • rastreamento para distúrbios respiratórios do sono (DRS)
Full details

Treatment algorithm

ACUTE

fibrilação atrial (FA) paroxística ou persistente: hemodinamicamente instável

ONGOING

FA paroxística ou persistente e hemodinamicamente estável: estratégia de controle de frequência cardíaca selecionada

FA paroxística ou persistente e hemodinamicamente estável: estratégia de controle do ritmo selecionada

fibrilação atrial (FA) permanente

Contributors

Authors

Arti N. Shah, MS, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine

Mount Sinai School of Medicine

New York

NY

Disclosures

ANS declares that she has no competing interests.

Bharat K. Kantharia, MD, FRCP, FAHA, FACC, FESC, FHRS

President, Cardiovascular and Heart Rhythm Consultants

Clinical Professor of Medicine

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

Attending and Consultant Cardiac Electrophysiologist

Mount Sinai and New York Presbyterian Hospitals

New York

NY

Disclosures

BKK declares that he has no competing interests. BKK is an author of a reference cited in this topic.

Peer reviewers

Andrew R.J. Mitchell, BM, MD, FRCP, FESC, FACC

Consultant Cardiologist

Jersey General Hospital

St Helier

Jersey

Channel Islands

Disclosures

ARJM declares that he has no competing interests.

Diwakar Jain, MD, FACC, FRCP, FASNC

Professor of Medicine (Cardiology)

Westchester Medical Center

Valhalla

NY

Disclosures

DJ declares that he has no competing interests.

Konstadinos Plestis, MD, FACS

Associate Professor

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery

Mount Sinai Medical Center

New York

NY

Disclosures

KP declares that he has no competing interests.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Hindricks G, Potpara T, Dagres N, et al. 2020 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Eur Heart J. 2021 Feb 1;42(5):373-498.Full text  Abstract

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Atrial fibrillation: diagnosis and management. Jun 2021 [internet publication].Full text

Sharma M, Cornelius VR, Patel JP, et al. Efficacy and harms of direct oral anticoagulants in the elderly for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation and secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism: systematic review and meta-analysis. Circulation. 2015 Jul 21;132(3):194-204.Full text  Abstract

Lip GY, Haguenoer K, Saint-Etienne C, et al. Relationship of the SAMe-TT₂R₂ score to poor-quality anticoagulation, stroke, clinically relevant bleeding, and mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation. Chest. 2014 Sep;146(3):719-26. Abstract

Kuck KH, Brugada J, Furnkranz A, et al; FIRE AND ICE Investigators. Cryoballoon or radiofrequency ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2016 Jun 9;374(23):2235-45.Full text  Abstract

Luik A, Radzewtiz A, Kieser M, et al. Cryoballoon versus open irrigated radiofrequency ablation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: the prospective, randomized, controlled, noninferiority FreezeAF Study. Circulation. 2015 Oct 6;132(14):1311-9.Full text  Abstract

Del-Carpio Munoz F, Gharacholou SM, Munger TM, et al. Meta-analysis of renal function on the safety and efficacy of novel oral anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2016 Jan 1;117(1):69-75. Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
  • Fibrilação atrial estabelecida images
  • Differentials

    • Flutter atrial com condução atrioventricular (AV) variável
    • Taquicardia atrial multifocal
    • Taquicardia atrial com condução AV variável
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  • Guidelines

    • 2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation
    • ACR appropriateness criteria: preprocedural planning for left atrial procedures in atrial fibrillation
    More Guidelines
  • Patient information

    Fibrilação atrial: quais tratamentos funcionam?

    Fibrilação atrial: o que é?

    More Patient information
  • Calculators

    Escore de fibrilação atrial CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc para o risco de AVC

    Escore de Risco de Sangramento ORBIT

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  • Videos

    Como realizar um ECG - Vídeo de demonstração

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