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Patients experiencing an acute exacerbation of COPD should be followed closely to ensure continued improvement and resolution of the associated signs and symptoms. When possible, persons hospitalized with COPD exacerbation should be seen by a healthcare provider within 30 days of hospital discharge and then again at 3-4 months after their exacerbation.​​ Clinicians should evaluate the patient’s ability to cope in their own environment.[1][273] COPD symptoms should be documented using COPD assessment test and the modified Medical Research Council and comorbidities status should be reviewed.[1]​ Clinicians should consider the potential need for adjustment of each patient's medication regimen for COPD, as patients experiencing an acute exacerbation occasionally do not return rapidly to their baseline level of health. Efforts should be made to ensure patients are educated regarding adherence with their medication regimens, and that their inhaler technique is optimum.[1]​ Clinicians should advise patients to comply with and ensure that they have received appropriate vaccination schedules.[1] CDC: immunization schedules Opens in new window

Patients should be assessed for the need for long-term oxygen.[1] Spirometry (forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration) should be measured at 3-4 months after the exacerbation.[1]​ Arterial oxygen saturation and blood gas analysis will indicate the need for long term oxygen therapy more accurately at prolonged follow up, than when measured shortly after discharge.[1][274]​​

Annual low-dose CT scan is recommended for lung cancer screening in patients with COPD due to smoking, according to recommendations from the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guideline and the US Preventive Services Task Force.[1][275]

The presence of bronchiectasis and emphysema should be determined with chest CT in patients with recurrent exacerbations and/or hospitalization.[1]

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