When viewing this topic in a different language, you may notice some differences in the way the content is structured, but it still reflects the latest evidence-based guidance.

Acute aspiration

Última revisão: 3 Mar 2025
Última atualização: 25 Mar 2025

Resumo

Definição

História e exame físico

Principais fatores diagnósticos

  • acute or chronic cough
  • fever
  • dyspnea
  • wheezing
  • crackles
Detalhes completos

Outros fatores diagnósticos

  • laryngospasm
Detalhes completos

Fatores de risco

  • decreased level of consciousness (Glasgow coma scale score <9)
  • increased severity of illness
  • general anesthesia
  • age >70 years
  • male sex
  • head trauma
  • cerebrovascular disease
  • endotracheal or tracheostomy tube
  • dysphagia
  • airway difficulties
  • barium meal
  • gastroesophageal reflux disease
  • feeding tubes
  • supine position
  • delayed gastric emptying
  • obesity
  • drugs that reduce esophageal sphincter tone
Detalhes completos

Investigações diagnósticas

Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas

  • chest x-ray
Detalhes completos

Investigações a serem consideradas

  • chest CT
  • bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage
  • CBC
  • arterial blood gases
  • blood culture
  • thoracentesis
Detalhes completos

Algoritmo de tratamento

AGUDA

pneumonitis due to aspiration of gastric contents

pneumonitis due to aspiration of barium

Colaboradores

Autores

Augustine Lee, MD

Professor of Medicine

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine

Mayo Clinic Florida

Jacksonville

FL

Declarações

AL declares that he has no competing interests.

Spencer Deleveaux, MBBS

Fellow

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine

Mayo Clinic Florida

Jacksonville

FL

Declarações

SD declares that he has no competing interests.

Agradecimentos

Dr Augustine Lee and Dr Spencer Deleveaux would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Madison Macht, Dr Kamran Mahmood, Dr Scott Shofer, Dr Septimiu Murgu, and Dr Henri Colt, previous contributors to this topic.

Declarações

MM, KM, SS, SM, and HC declare they have no competing interests.

Revisores

Andrew Parfitt, MBBS, FFAEM

Clinical Director

Acute Medicine

Associate Medical Director

Consultant Emergency Medicine

Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust

Clinical Lead and Consultant

Accident and Emergency Medicine

St Thomas' Hospital

London

UK

Declarações

AP declares that he has no competing interests.

Momen M. Wahidi, MD, MBA

Director

Interventional Pulmonology

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine

Assistant Professor of Medicine

Duke University Medical Center

Durham

NC

Declarações

MMW declares that he has no competing interests.

O uso deste conteúdo está sujeito ao nosso aviso legal