小结
纵隔解剖
纵隔即肺脏层胸膜之间的胸腔隙。纵隔边界为脏胸膜、胸廓入口（脊椎、第一对肋和胸骨柄）、横膈、胸骨和脊柱前韧带。纵隔内容物包括心脏、大血管、气管、食管、胸腺、淋巴组织和神经。肿瘤可能源自这些结构中的任何一个。纵隔一般分为前室、中室和后室。影像学或解剖学资料偶尔可能提及上纵隔这个概念，但在临床上，这一概念没有太大意义。
[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: 纵隔边界（图片）由 Mario Gasparri 医生和 Nicholas Choong 医生提供 [Citation ends].
[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: 纵膈解剖分部。（图片）由 Muniappan 医生提供 [Citation ends].
纵隔内容
前纵隔内容物：
胸腺
纵隔脂肪
淋巴结
心外主动脉。
中纵隔内容物：
心包、心脏、升降主动脉、大血管
气管和隆突
淋巴结
食管
迷走神经
胸导管。
后纵隔内容物：
近端肋间血管
胸脊神经节
交感神经链
淋巴结。
鉴别诊断
撰稿人
作者
Ashok Muniappan, MD
Assistant Professor of Surgery
Division of Thoracic Surgery
Massachusetts General Hospital
Harvard Medical School
Boston
MA
利益声明
AM declares that he has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Ashok Muniappan would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr John Kucharczuk, Dr Mario Gasparri, and Dr Nicholas Choong, the previous contributors to this topic. JK, MG, and NC declare that they have no competing interests.
同行评议者
Marc Baker, MD, PhD
Cardiology Fellow
Department of Internal Medicine
Cardiology Division
University of Rochester
Rochester
NY
利益声明
MB declares that he has no competing interests.
Abe DeAnda Jr., MD, FACS, FAHA
University Associate Professor
Cardiothoracic Surgery
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Director Aortic Surgery
Montefiore Medical Center
Bronx
NY
利益声明
AD declares that he has no competing interests.
Shahab A. Akhter, MD
Assistant Professor of Surgery
Section of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery
The University of Chicago
Chicago
IL
利益声明
SAA declares that he has no competing interests.
内容使用需遵循免责声明