小结
定义
病史和体格检查
诊断性检查
治疗流程
撰稿人
作者
Assistant Professor of Surgery
MetroHealth Medical Center
Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
Cleveland
OH
利益声明
LK declares that she has no competing interests.
Dr Laura Kreiner would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Ali F. Mallat, Dr Lena M. Napolitano, and Dr Lillian Kao, previous contributors to this topic.
利益声明
AFM declares that he has no competing interests. LMN has been a member of the speakers' bureau and consultant for Merck, Pfizer, Schering-Plough, Ortho-McNeil, Wyeth, and Astellas Pharma. LK declares that she has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Professor of Surgery (retired)
University of Minnesota
Saint Paul
MN
利益声明
JTL declares that he has no competing interests.
Director of Research
Division of Trauma, Burns and Critical Care
Assistant Professor
Department of Surgery
MetroHealth Medical Center
Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
Cleveland
OH
利益声明
JAC declares that he has no competing interests.
Director
Alfa Institute of Biomedical Sciences
Marousi
Athens
Greece
利益声明
MF declares that he has no competing interests.
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