小结
定义
脂肪瘤是缓慢生长的良性间质细胞肿瘤，其边界清楚，为脂肪细胞组成的分叶状病变。 薄纤维囊将它们与周围的脂肪分开。 它们包含 50% 软组织肿瘤，初级保健医生、外科医生及病理科医生通常会遇到这种疾病。[1] 脂肪瘤通常见于皮下组织，可发生于身体的任何部位，但最常发生于躯干和四肢近端。且脂肪瘤无恶变可能，但是其鉴别诊断包括脂肪肉瘤，而脂肪肉瘤具有恶变可能，因此必须始终考虑这种疾病。[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: 躯干皮下脂肪瘤来自 Kimberly Moore Dalal 博士和 Steven D. DeMartini 博士收集的资料；经许可后使用 [Citation ends].
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 皮肤肿块直径小于 5 cm
- 柔软的皮肤肿块
- 可移动的皮肤肿块
- 浅表性皮肤肿块
其他诊断因素
- 无痛的皮肤肿块
- 胃肠梗阻
- 胃肠道出血
- 腹部肿块
- 肌无力
- 感觉异常
危险因素
- 遗传易感性
- 创伤
- 重度饮酒
诊断性检查
需考虑的检查
- 磁共振成像 (MRI)
- CT 扫描
- 超声
- 粗针穿刺活检
- 切口活检
- 切除活检
- 上消化道造影
治疗流程
躯干或肢端浅表性皮肤脂肪瘤
Dercum 病
腹膜后脂肪瘤性肿块
有症状的胃肠道脂肪瘤
非典型部位脂肪瘤
撰稿人
作者
Kimberly Moore Dalal, MD
Medical Director, Surgical Oncology
General Surgery
Mills-Peninsula Hospital
Palo Alto Medical Foundation
Burlingame
CA
利益声明
KMD is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
Steven D. DeMartini, MD
Staff Pathologist
Oroville Hospital
Oroville
CA
利益声明
SDD declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Jason Gold, MD
Staff Surgeon
VA Boston Healthcare System
West Roxbury
Assistant Professor of Surgery
Harvard Medical School (Brigham and Women's Hospital)
Boston
MA
利益声明
JG declares that he has no competing interests.
Andrew D. Lee, MD
Resident
Department of Dermatology
Wake Forest University School of Medicine
Winston-Salem
NC
利益声明
ADL declares that he has no competing interests.
Chandrakanth Are, MD
Assistant Professor
Surgical Oncology
Department of Surgery
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Omaha
NE
利益声明
CA declares that he has no competing interests.
Clifford Cho, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Surgery
Section of Surgical Oncology
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Madison
WI
利益声明
CC declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 脂肪肉瘤
- 表皮样囊肿
- 脓肿
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 手术部位感染：预防和治疗
- 临床指南：脂肪瘤
更多 指南
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