小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 血尿(肉眼或镜下)
- 排尿困难
其他诊断因素
- 尿频
危险因素
- 烟草暴露
- 接触化学致癌剂
- 年龄>65 岁
- 盆腔放疗
- 全身化疗
- 糖尿病
- 血吸虫感染
- 男性
- 慢性膀胱炎症
- 遗传易感性
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 尿液分析
需考虑的检查
- 尿液细胞学检查
- 膀胱镜检查
- 肾脏和膀胱超声
- CT 尿路造影
- 核磁共振尿路造影
- 静脉尿路造影
- 全血细胞计数(FBC)
- 生化检查(包括碱性磷酸酶)
- 胸部 X 线检查(CXR)
- 腹部和盆腔 CT
- 腹部和盆腔 MRI
- 骨扫描
- 尿液生物标志物
治疗流程
非肌层浸润性肿瘤
局部浸润性肿瘤
转移性疾病
撰稿人
作者
Donald Lamm, MD, FACS
Director
BCG Oncology
Clinical Professor
University of Arizona
Phoenix
AZ
利益声明
DL is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
鸣谢
Dr Donald Lamm would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Mary Heeley, the previous contributor to this topic.
利益声明
MH declares that she has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Junaid Masood, MBBS, FRCS (Eng), MSc (Urol), FRCS (Urol)
Consultant Urological Surgeon
Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
London
UK
利益声明
JM declares that he has no competing interests.
Hugh Mostafid, MD
Consultant Urologist
North Hampshire Hospital
Basingstoke
UK
利益声明
HM has received honoraria from GE Healthcare and Kyowa Kirin UK.
Thomas Guzzo, MD
Clinical Instructor of Urology
The James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute
The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions
Baltimore
MD
利益声明
TG declares that he has no competing interests.
Amir Kaisary, MD, MA, ChM, FRCS
Consultant Urological Surgeon
Honorary Senior Lecturer
Department of Urology
The Royal Free & University College Medical School
London
UK
利益声明
AK declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 良性前列腺增生 (BPH)
- 出血性膀胱炎
- 前列腺炎
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- NCCN 肿瘤学临床实践指南:膀胱癌
- 疑似癌症:识别和转诊
更多 指南患者教育信息
膀胱癌
更多 患者教育信息登录或订阅即可浏览 BMJ Best Practice 临床实践完整内容
内容使用需遵循免责声明