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抽搐性运动障碍

最后审阅: 30 Sep 2024
最后更新: 17 Nov 2022

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 存在的危险因素
  • 可见抽搐
  • 先兆感觉
  • 抑制抽搐的能力
  • 注意力分散能缓解症状
  • 其他神经系统检查正常
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • 压力、焦虑、兴奋或变动时症状加重
  • 严重程度随着时间而变
  • 并发精神障碍的症状
完整详情

危险因素

  • 发病时 < 18 岁
  • 男性
  • 抽动家族史
  • 强迫症 (OCD)、ADHD 或抑郁症家族史
  • 孕妇产前吸烟
  • OCD 或 ADHD 病史
  • 孤独症谱系障碍病史
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 临床诊断
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • 脑部 MRI,注射或未注射造影剂
  • 脑电图检查
  • 脑脊液分析(腰椎穿刺)
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

症状不会影响日常生活

影响日常生活的症状:非妊娠

行为治疗和药物治疗无效的重度抽动

症状不会影响日常生活:妊娠

撰稿人

作者

Tamara Pringsheim, MD, FRCPC

Professor

University of Calgary

Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Community Health Sciences

Calgary

Canada

利益声明

TP has received research grants for Tourette's syndrome from Alberta Health and the Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute. TP is an author of several references cited in this topic.

鸣谢

Professor Tamara Pringsheim would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Tanya K. Murphy, Dr Fatima Masumova, Dr Cathy L. Budman, Dr Amber Stocco, Dr Migvis Monduy, and Dr Bobbi Hopkins, previous contributors to this topic.

利益声明

FM, AS, MM, and BH declare that they have no competing interests. TKM has received research grants from Auspex Pharmaceuticals, the National Institute of Mental Health, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer Inc., F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd., AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Massachusetts General Hospital, Sunovion Pharmaceuticals, Neurocrine Bioscience, Psyadon Pharmaceuticals, and PANDAS Network; she is on the advisory board for the International Obsessive Compulsive Foundation; she is also an author of several references cited in this topic. CLB has received research funding from Otsuka, Psyadon, Auspex, Teva, Neurocrine, and Synchroneuron Pharmaceuticals; she is a consultant for Bracket and a paid speaker for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - National Tourette Syndrome Association Partnership; she is an author of several references cited in this topic.

同行评议者

Francis Filloux, MD

Chief

Division of Pediatric Neurology

University of Utah School of Medicine

Salt Lake City

UT

利益声明

FF declares that he has no competing interests.

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