小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 已知的潜在疾病病因
- 使用已知致病药物
- 丝状角膜炎
其他诊断因素
- 眼部刺激/异物感
- 眼部烧灼感
- 暂时性视力模糊
- 流泪
- 睑缘炎/睑板腺炎
- 点状上皮糜烂
- 结膜点状糜烂
- 结膜充血
- 睑裂闭合不全
- 眼球突出
- 存在螨虫
危险因素
- 女性
- 老年
- 睑缘炎/睑板腺炎
- 结缔组织病
- 维生素 A 缺乏症
- 丙型肝炎
- HIV
- 造血干细胞移植
- 屈光手术
- 角膜接触镜的使用
- 糖尿病
- 全身性药物
- 含防腐剂的局部眼科药物
- 结节病
- 帕金森病
- 环境因素
- 职业因素
- 头痛
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 泪河高度（泪河测定）
- 泪膜/荧光素破裂时间（TFBUT）
- Schirmer试验
新兴检查
- 泪膜渗透压测定法
- 金属蛋白酶-9 (MMP-9) 检测
- 角膜地形图
- 眼表干涉测量
- 红外热成像
- 体内共聚焦显微镜
- 眼表免疫标志物（OSIM）
治疗流程
初次就诊时的干眼症
慢性干眼
撰稿人
作者
Jonathan Smith, FRCOphth, MRCP
Consultant Ophthalmologist
Sunderland Eye Infirmary
Sunderland
UK
利益声明
JS has been reimbursed by DORC for attending several conferences.
Philip Severn, FRCOphth, MRCP
Consultant Ophthalmologist
James Cook University Hospital
Middlesbrough
UK
利益声明
PS declares that he has served on the advisory boards of and received travel grants from Bayer and Novartis. He has also received travel grants from Allergan.
Darren Shu Jeng Ting, FRCOphth, PhD
Honorary Associate Professor of Ophthalmology
School of Medicine
University of Nottingham
Consultant Ophthalmologist
Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre
UK
利益声明
DSJT declares that he has no competing interests.
Saurabh Ghosh, FRCOphth
Consultant Ophthalmologist
Sunderland Eye Infirmary
Sunderland
UK
利益声明
SG declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
I-Hui Wu, MD
Ophthalmology Resident
Wilmer Eye Institute
Baltimore
MD
利益声明
IW declares that she has no competing interests.
Gus Gazzard, MA, MBBChir, MD, FRCOphth
Consultant Ophthalmic Surgeon
King's College Hospital
Honorary Research Fellow
Institute of Ophthalmology
London
UK
利益声明
GG declares that he has no competing interests.
Bob Avery, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor
Ophthalmology
University of New Mexico Medical School
Albuquerque
NM
利益声明
BA declares that he has no competing interests.
Vatinee Y. Bunya, MD
Co-Director
Penn Dry Eye and Ocular Surface Center
Assistant Professor
Cornea and External Disease
Scheie Eye Institute
Philadelphia
PA
利益声明
VYB declares that she has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 红眼
- Sjögren 综合征
- 睑板腺功能障碍
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 角膜/外眼疾病摘要基准
- 干眼症
更多 指南
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