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干眼症

最后审阅: 1 Nov 2024
最后更新: 14 Nov 2023

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 已知的潜在疾病病因
  • 使用已知致病药物
  • 丝状角膜炎
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • 眼部刺激/异物感
  • 眼部烧灼感
  • 暂时性视力模糊
  • 流泪
  • 睑缘炎/睑板腺炎
  • 点状上皮糜烂
  • 结膜点状糜烂
  • 结膜充血
  • 睑裂闭合不全
  • 眼球突出
  • 存在螨虫
完整详情

危险因素

  • 女性
  • 老年
  • 睑缘炎/睑板腺炎
  • 结缔组织病
  • 维生素 A 缺乏症
  • 丙型肝炎
  • HIV
  • 造血干细胞移植
  • 屈光手术
  • 角膜接触镜的使用
  • 糖尿病
  • 全身性药物
  • 含防腐剂的局部眼科药物
  • 结节病
  • 帕金森病
  • 环境因素
  • 职业因素
  • 头痛
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 泪河高度(泪河测定)
  • 泪膜/荧光素破裂时间(TFBUT)
  • Schirmer试验
完整详情

新兴检查

  • 泪膜渗透压测定法
  • 金属蛋白酶-9 (MMP-9) 检测
  • 角膜地形图
  • 眼表干涉测量
  • 红外热成像
  • 体内共聚焦显微镜
  • 眼表免疫标志物(OSIM)

治疗流程

急症处理

初次就诊时的干眼症

持续性治疗

慢性干眼

撰稿人

作者

Jonathan Smith, FRCOphth, MRCP

Consultant Ophthalmologist

Sunderland Eye Infirmary

Sunderland

UK

利益声明

JS has been reimbursed by DORC for attending several conferences.

Philip Severn, FRCOphth, MRCP

Consultant Ophthalmologist

James Cook University Hospital

Middlesbrough

UK

利益声明

PS declares that he has served on the advisory boards of and received travel grants from Bayer and Novartis. He has also received travel grants from Allergan.

Darren Shu Jeng Ting, FRCOphth, PhD

Honorary Associate Professor of Ophthalmology

School of Medicine

University of Nottingham

Consultant Ophthalmologist

Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre

UK

利益声明

DSJT declares that he has no competing interests.

Saurabh Ghosh, FRCOphth

Consultant Ophthalmologist

Sunderland Eye Infirmary

Sunderland

UK

利益声明

SG declares that he has no competing interests.

同行评议者

I-Hui Wu, MD

Ophthalmology Resident

Wilmer Eye Institute

Baltimore

MD

利益声明

IW declares that she has no competing interests.

Gus Gazzard, MA, MBBChir, MD, FRCOphth

Consultant Ophthalmic Surgeon

King's College Hospital

Honorary Research Fellow

Institute of Ophthalmology

London

UK

利益声明

GG declares that he has no competing interests.

Bob Avery, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor

Ophthalmology

University of New Mexico Medical School

Albuquerque

NM

利益声明

BA declares that he has no competing interests.

Vatinee Y. Bunya, MD

Co-Director

Penn Dry Eye and Ocular Surface Center

Assistant Professor

Cornea and External Disease

Scheie Eye Institute

Philadelphia

PA

利益声明

VYB declares that she has no competing interests.

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