小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 面部或全身性水肿
- 年龄＞1 岁但＜8 岁
其他诊断因素
- 正常血压
- 无血尿
- 近期病毒性疾病史
- 呼吸困难
- 淋巴瘤或白血病史
危险因素
- 年龄＞1 岁但＜8 岁
- 霍奇金淋巴瘤
- 白血病
- 近期病毒性疾病
- 乙型肝炎或丙型肝炎感染
- 低出生体重 (LBW)
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 尿液分析
- 24 h尿蛋白
- 尿蛋白/肌酐比率
- 血清白蛋白水平
- 血清血脂谱
- 血清补体水平
- 血清电解质检查
- 全血细胞计数 (FBC)
- 肾小球滤过率 (GFR)
- 血清肝功能检查
- 肾脏超声
需考虑的检查
- 胸部 X 线检查
- 肾脏活组织检查
治疗流程
初期表现
偶而复发
频繁复发或皮质类固醇依赖型，或者严重皮质类固醇不良反应
撰稿人
作者
Mehul P. Dixit, MD, DM (Nephrology)
Professor and Chief Medical Director
Pediatric Dialysis & Renal Transplantation
Pediatric Nephrology
Department of Pediatrics
Blair E. Batson Hospital for Children
University of Mississippi Medical Center
Jackson
MS
利益声明
MPD has acted as a consultant for Retrophin Pharmaceuticals.
鸣谢
Dr Mehul P. Dixit would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Robert Mathias, a previous contributor to this topic. RM declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Rajendra Bhimma, MD
Associate Professor of Paediatrics and Paediatric Nephrologist
Department of Maternal and Child Health
Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine
University of KwaZulu-Natal
Durban
South Africa
利益声明
RB is an author of a reference cited in the monograph.
Frederick J. Kaskel, MD
Professor of Pediatrics
Vice Chairman for Affiliate & Network Affairs
Chief, Section on Nephrology
Division of Pediatric Nephrology
Children's Hospital at Montefiore of Albert Einstein College of Medicine
New York
NY
利益声明
FJK declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
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- 局灶节段性肾小球硬化症
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