小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 典型皮肤病变
- 累及神经
- 感觉丧失
其他诊断因素
- 免疫反应
- 眼部病变
危险因素
- 与多菌型麻风患者密切接触
- 贫穷
- 在流行地区居住
- 遗传易感性
- 动物传播
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 皮肤涂片
- 皮肤和/或神经活检和组织病理学检查
需考虑的检查
- 聚合酶链反应
治疗流程
多菌型（Multibacillary, MB）麻风或少菌型（Paucibacillary, PB）麻风：对利福平或氟喹诺酮无耐药性
多菌型（Multibacillary, MB）麻风或少菌型（Paucibacillary, PB）麻风：利福平 ± 氟喹诺酮耐药
1 型反应（逆向反应）
2 型反应（麻风结节性红斑）
Lucio 现象
撰稿人
作者
Maria T. Ochoa, MD
Clinical Professor of Dermatology
USC Keck School of Medicine
Department of Dermatology
Los Angeles
CA
利益声明
MTO declares that she has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Maria T. Ochoa would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Denis Paul Jacques Daumerie, a previous contributor to this topic. DPJD declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Hubert Sansarricq, MD
Member of World Health Organization Panel of Experts on Leprosy
Saint-Armour Morlaas
France
利益声明
HS declares that he has no competing interests.
David M. Scollard, MD, PhD
Chief
Clinical Branch
National Hansen's Disease Programs
Baton Rouge
LA
利益声明
DMS declares that he has no competing interests.
Alexandre Tiendrebéogo, MD, MPH
Medical Officer
Leprosy and Neglected Tropical Diseases in Central Africa Countries
World Health Organization
Country Office of Kinshasa
DR of Congo
利益声明
AT declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 银屑病
- 湿疹
- 体癣
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