小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
其他诊断因素
- 无症状
- 其他寄生虫协同感染
- 发育延迟
- 营养不良
- 发热
- 咳嗽
- 哮鸣音
- 呼吸困难
- 咯血
- 缺氧
- 呼吸急促
- 干啰音、啰音
- 肋间回缩
- 荨麻疹样皮肤病变
- 腹痛
- 厌食
- 消化不良
- 恶心
- 呕吐
- 腹泻
- 便秘
- 腹胀
- 肠鸣音减少或缺乏
- 低血压
- RUQ 触痛
- 肝肿大
- 黄疸
- 缺铁性贫血或恶性营养不良病的症状/体征
危险因素
- 有到疫区旅行或居住在疫区的经历
- ＜14 岁的儿童
- 贫穷
- 卫生环境差
- 卫生条件差
- 温暖的气候
- 与猪发生接触
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 粪便显微镜检查
- 胸部 X 线检查
- 腹部 X 线检查
需考虑的检查
- 痰液/胃部抽出物显微镜检查
- 全血细胞计数 (FBC）
- 造影检查
- 钡餐
- 腹部超声
- 腹部 CT 检查
- 经内镜逆行胰胆管造影术 (ERCP)
新兴检查
- 抗人蛔虫的抗体
- 血清 IgE
- 白细胞介素 (IL)-4、IL-5 和 IL-13
- 基于尿液的气液色谱法
治疗流程
无症状
肺炎
胃肠道症状
撰稿人
作者
Michael Cappello, MD
Professor of Pediatrics, Microbial Pathogenesis, and Public Health
Yale School of Medicine
New Haven
CT
利益声明
MC has provided a day of consulting services to Janssen Pharmaceuticals, manufacturers of mebendazole for the treatment of soil transmitted helminth infections. MC does not currently receive consulting fees or research support.
鸣谢
Dr Michael Cappello would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Samantha H. Johnston and Dr Claire Panosian, previous contributors to this topic. SHJ owns a share in a company (Merck & Co., Inc.) that produces ivermectin, an alternative therapy for ascariasis. CP declares that she has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Yann Meunier, MD
Director
Stanford Health Promotion Network
Stanford School of Medicine
Palo Alto
CA
利益声明
YM declares that he has no competing interests.
Mohammad Bagher Rokni, PhD
Associate Professor
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology
School of Public Health
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Iran
利益声明
MBR declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 哮喘
- 病毒性胃肠炎
- 阿米巴病
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- CDC 黄皮书 2020：旅行相关感染性病——经土壤传播的蠕虫病
- CDC 黄皮书 2020：旅行相关传染病 - 经土壤传播的蠕虫
更多 指南
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