小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 男性
- 炎症性肠病病史
其他诊断因素
- 25-45 岁
- 腹痛
- 瘙痒
- 疲劳
- 体重减轻
- 发热
- 黄疸
- 脂肪痢
- 脾肿大
- 腹水
- 脑病
危险因素
- 男性
- 炎症性肠病(IBD)
- 遗传易感性
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 血清碱性磷酸酶
- 血清γ-GT
- 血清转氨酶(天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶)
- 血清总胆红素
- 血清白蛋白
- 全血细胞计数 (FBC)
- 凝血酶原时间
- 腹部超声
- 磁共振胆管胰腺造影 (MRCP)
- 血清IgG4
需考虑的检查
- 经内镜逆行胰胆管造影术 (ERCP)
- 血清免疫球蛋白
- 24 小时尿铜含量
- 铜蓝蛋白
- 抗核抗体
- 抗平滑肌抗体
- 抗线粒体抗体(AMA)
- 腹部 CT 扫描
- 肝脏活检
- 骨密度检查
- 结肠镜检查
治疗流程
早期疾病
终末期肝病
撰稿人
作者
S. Ian Gan, MD, FRCPC
Associate Clinical Professor
Vancouver General Hospital
University of British Columbia
Vancouver
BC
利益声明
SIG declares that he has no competing interests.
Nawaf Tareq Aboalfaraj, MBBS, FRCPC
Gastroenterology Fellow
Vancouver General Hospital
University of British Columbia
Vancouver
BC
利益声明
NTA declares that he has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr S. Ian Gan and Dr Nawaf Tareq Aboalfaraj would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Kris V. Kowdley and Dr Christine Schlenker, the previous contributors to this topic.
利益声明
KVK is a member of the speakers bureau of Axcan Pharma, manufacturer of Urso250 and Urso Forte, and gives one or two lectures a year on treatment of cholestatic liver diseases. KVK has also received funding from the NIH for a research study of Urso in PSC. CS declares that she has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Marlyn Mayo, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine
Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas
TX
利益声明
MM is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
James Neuberger, BM, BCh
Consultant Physician
Liver Unit
Queen Elizabeth Hospital
Birmingham
UK
利益声明
JN declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 继发性硬化性胆管炎
- IgG4相关性胆管炎
- 自身免疫性肝炎
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- ACR 适宜性标准:异常肝功能检查
- AASLD 原发性硬化性胆管炎和胆管癌实践指导
更多 指南医学计算器
MELDNa 评分(用于肝移植等待名单,不适用于 12 岁以下的患者)(SI 单位制)
更多 医学计算器- 登录或订阅即可浏览 BMJ Best Practice 临床实践完整内容
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