小结
定义
病史和体格检查
诊断性检查
治疗流程
撰稿人
作者
George Malietzis, MBBS, MRCS
Clinical Lecturer
Department of Surgery and Cancer
Imperial College
London
UK
利益声明
GM declares that he has no competing interests.
John T. Jenkins, MD
Consultant Colorectal Surgeon
Department of Coloproctology
St. Mark's Hospital
London
UK
利益声明
JTJ declares that he has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr George Malietzis and Dr John T. Jenkins would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Phil Tozer, a previous contributor to this monograph. PT declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
John Anderson, FRCS
Consultant Colorectal Surgeon
Glasgow Royal Infirmary
Glasgow
UK
利益声明
JA declares that he has no competing interests.
Sharon Stein, MD
Assistant Professor of Surgery
Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery
University Hospital Case Medical Center
Cleveland
OH
利益声明
SS received a fee for educational courses on laparoscopic surgery, paid for in part by Covidien, Olympus, and Applied Medical.
内容使用需遵循免责声明