小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 喘鸣
- 出生 2 周内发病
- 气道阻塞的特征
- 在 2 岁之前症状缓解
- 正常哭闹
其他诊断因素
- 喂食困难
- 体重下降或生长迟缓
- 肌张力过低
- 畸形特征
危险因素
- 胃食管反流病 (GORD)
- 神经系统异常
- 喉解剖异常
- 男性
- 遗传性综合征疾病
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 可曲性喉镜检查
需考虑的检查
- 硬管喉镜检查
- FEES 测试
- 多导睡眠图
- 胸部 X 线检查 (CXR)
- 颈侧片
- 心电图 (ECG)
- 超声心动图
治疗流程
轻度疾病
中度疾病
重度疾病
撰稿人
作者
Simone J. Boardman, MBBS, FRACS (OHNS)
Consultant Paediatric Otolaryngologist
The Children's Hospital at Westmead
Sydney
Australia
利益声明
SJB declares that she has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Simone Boardman would like to gratefully acknowledge Mr C. Martin Bailey, a previous contributor to this topic. CMB is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
同行评议者
Kevin Pereira, MD
Director
Pediatric Otolaryngology-HNS
University of Maryland School of Medicine
Baltimore
MD
利益声明
KP declares that he has no competing interests.
Haytham Kubba, FRCS
Consultant Paediatric Otolaryngologist
Royal Hospital for Sick Children (Yorkhill)
Glasgow
UK
利益声明
HK declares that he has no competing interests.
Gresham Richter, MD
Assistant Professor
Associate Residency Program Director
Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
Little Rock
AR
利益声明
GR declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
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- 声门下狭窄
- 喉蹼
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