小结
定义
病史和体格检查
诊断性检查
治疗流程
撰稿人
作者

Director
Chicago Institute of Minimally Invasive Surgery
Director of Minimally Invasive Surgery and Bariatric Fellowship Program
St. Francis Hospital
Chicago
IL
利益声明
CTF declares that he has no competing interests.

Surgery Residency Associate Director
Associate Professor
Rush University Medical Center
Chicago
IL
利益声明
MBL declares that he has no competing interests.
Dr Constantine T. Frantzides and Dr Minh B. Luu would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Mark A. Carlson, a previous contributor to this topic. MAC declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Associate Professor
Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery
University Hospital Tuebingen
Germany
利益声明
FAG declares that he has no competing interests.
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