小结
定义
病史和体格检查
诊断性检查
治疗流程
撰稿人
作者
N. Joseph Espat, MD, MS, FACS
Chairman of Surgery
Professor and Chief Surgical Oncology
Director Cancer Center
Department of Surgery
Roger Williams Medical Center
Boston University School of Medicine
Providence
RI
利益声明
NJE is a consultant for SIRTEX Medical, Medtronic, and IV Diagnostics on technical and biologic concepts of device performance. These positions are not relevant to the topic area.
Ponnandai Somasundar, MD, MPH, FACS
Associate Professor and Associate Chief
Surgical Oncology
Department of Surgery
Roger Williams Medical Center
Boston University School of Medicine
Providence
RI
利益声明
PS declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Kevin Watkins, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Surgery
Health Science Center
SUNY
Stony Brook
NY
利益声明
KW declares that he has no competing interests.
Savio Reddymasu, MD
GI Fellow
Department of Medicine
Center for Gastrointestinal Motility
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
University of Kansas Medical Center
Kansas City
KS
利益声明
SR declares that he has no competing interests.
Satvinder Mudan, MBBS, BSc, MD, FRCS
Consultant in Surgical Oncology
The Royal Marsden Hospital
London
UK
利益声明
SM declares that he has no competing interests.
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