小结
鉴别诊断
常见
- 前庭神经炎/迷路炎
- 梅尼埃病
- 硫胺素缺乏病
- 耳毒性前庭病
- 良性阵发性位置性眩晕（半规管耳石症）
- 出血性卒中
- 缺血性卒中
- 酒精相关性小脑变性
- 前庭性偏头痛
- 特发性帕金森病
- 周围神经病变
不常见
- 前庭神经鞘瘤（听神经瘤）
- 持续双侧前庭神经炎
- 特发性双侧前庭功能低下
- 先天性双侧前庭功能低下
- 退行性（年龄相关的）内耳病
- 自身免疫性内耳疾病
- 上半规管骨裂 (SCD)
- 脑膜炎
- Mal de debarquement 综合征
- 脊髓小脑性共济失调
- 多发性硬化
- 小脑炎/脑干脑炎
- Wernicke 脑病
- 后颅窝肿瘤
- Chiari畸形
- 脑桥中央髓鞘溶解症
- 副肿瘤综合征
- 维生素 E 缺乏症
- 乳糜泻
- 原发性小脑退化
- 继发性帕金森症
- 正常压力脑积水
- 皮质基底节变性
- 进行性核上性麻痹
- 多系统萎缩（MSA:/纹状体黑质变性、Shy-Drager 综合征）
- 脊髓损伤
- 吉兰-巴雷综合征 (GBS)，多发性神经根病
- 椎管椎关节强硬
- 脊髓肿瘤
- 视神经脊髓炎 (NMO)
- 亚急性脊髓联合变性
- 梅毒，脊髓痨
- 结核（波特氏病）
- HIV 感染性脊髓病
- 人类嗜 T 淋巴细胞病毒（HTLV）-1 感染性脊髓病
- 系统性红斑狼疮（Systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE）炎性脊髓病
- 焦虑障碍
- 药物毒性
撰稿人
作者
Adrian Priesol, MD, FRCPC
Assistant Professor of Laryngology
Harvard Medical School
Medical Director of Auditory Evoked Testing
Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary
Boston
MA
利益声明
AP declares that he has no competing interests.
Nurhan Torun, MD, FRCSC
Assistant Professor in Ophthalmology
Director of Neuro-ophthalmology
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Harvard Medical School
Boston
MA
利益声明
NT declares that she has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Joel A. Goebel, MD, FACS
Professor and Vice-Chairman
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
Director
Dizziness and Balance Center
Washington University School of Medicine
Saint Louis
MO
利益声明
JAG has been reimbursed for conference speaking and clinical research support by NeuroCom Intl, Inc. and for conference speaking by MicroMedical Technologies, Inc.
Stephen P. Cass, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Otolaryngology
University of Colorado
Aurora
CO
利益声明
SPC declares that he has no competing interests.
Daniel J. Costello, MD
Instructor in Neurology
Department of Neurology
Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston
MA
利益声明
DJC declares that he has no competing interests.
Doris Bamiou, MD, MSc, PhD
Clinical Senior Lecturer & Consultant in Audiovestibular Medicine
UCL Ear Institute
UCL
London
UK
利益声明
DB declares that she has no competing interests.
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