小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 在舌背上的槽和裂缝(裂缝舌)
- 舌背中线的毛状突起(毛舌)
- 在舌背上界限清楚的红斑区域(地图样舌)
- 斑内萎缩性红色中心区(地图样舌)
- 疑似迁移的病变(地图样舌)
其他诊断因素
- 口臭(毛舌和裂缝舌)
- 口气不佳(毛舌)
- 变色(毛舌和裂缝舌)
- 烧灼感(地图样舌)
- 口腔黏膜疼痛(毛舌)
危险因素
- 烟草使用(毛舌)
- 饮用咖啡/茶(毛舌)
- 口腔卫生不佳(毛舌)
- 年龄增长(毛舌和裂纹舌)
- 唾液过少(毛舌)
- Melkersson-Rosenthal综合征(裂缝舌)
- 唐氏综合征(裂缝舌)
- 口面部肉芽肿病(裂纹舌)
- 氧化性漱口水的使用(毛舌)
- 药物滥用(毛舌)
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 临床诊断
需考虑的检查
- 舌活检
治疗流程
地图样舌
裂缝舌
毛舌
撰稿人
作者
Konrad S. Staines, BChD, FDS RCS (Eng), SFHEA
Consultant & Honorary Professor in Oral Medicine
Bristol Dental School
University of Bristol
Bristol
UK
利益声明
KSS discloses his salary is partially-funded by the University of Bristol and Health Education England. He has also received an educational grant from the Elizabeth Wiley Foundation.
鸣谢
Professor Konrad S. Staines would like to gratefully acknowledge Professor Aisha Sethi, the previous contributor to this topic. AS declares that she has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Nuala O'Donoghue, MBBS
Consultant Dermatologist
St Mary's Hospital
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
London
UK
利益声明
NOD declares that she has no competing interests.
Issac van der Waal, DDS, PhD
Professor of Oral Pathology
Head of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Pathology
VU University Medical Centre and Academic Centre for Dentistry
Amsterdam
The Netherlands
利益声明
IVDW declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 口腔毛状白斑(毛舌)
- 急性假膜性念珠菌病(毛舌/地图样舌)
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