小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 咳嗽
- 吸气时鸡鸣音
- 鼻炎
- 咳嗽后呕吐
其他诊断因素
- 呼吸暂停
- 神经系统并发症
危险因素
- 未接种疫苗或疫苗接种不足的状态
- 与感染者密切接触,特别是在家中
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 鼻咽抽吸物或后鼻咽拭子的培养
- 鼻咽抽吸物或后鼻咽拭子核酸扩增检测(NAAT)
- 血清学
- 全血细胞计数 (FBC)
需考虑的检查
- 胸片
- 口腔液检测
治疗流程
小于1个月的婴儿
≥1 月龄的婴幼儿和成人
撰稿人
作者
Elisabeth Adderson, MD
Associate Member
St Jude Children's Research Hospital
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center
Memphis
TN
利益声明
EA declares that she has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Elisabeth Adderson would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr M. Nawal Lutfiyya and Dr Carrie Sharkey-Asner, previous contributors to this topic.
利益声明
MNL declared that she had no competing interests. Unfortunately, we have since been made aware that Dr M. Nawal Lutfiyya is deceased. CSA declares that she has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Anette Faye-Lund, MD
Department of Pediatrics
Hospital of Vestfold
Toensberg
Norway
利益声明
AFL declares that she has no competing interests.
Alexander K.C. Leung, MBBS
Pediatric Consultant
Alberta Children's Hospital
University of Calgary
Alberta
Canada
利益声明
AKCL declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 病毒性上呼吸道感染(URI)
- 社区获得性肺炎
- 结核病
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 成人免疫接种程序:针对 19 岁及以上人群的推荐,美国,2023 年
- 儿童和青少年免疫程序:2023 年美国针对不超过 18 岁人群的建议
更多 指南患者教育信息
六合一疫苗(白喉、乙型肝炎、乙型流感嗜血杆菌、脊髓灰质炎、破伤风、百日咳)
DTaP 疫苗(白喉、破伤风、脊髓灰质炎和百日咳)
更多 患者教育信息- 登录或订阅即可浏览 BMJ Best Practice 临床实践完整内容
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