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头虱病

最后审阅: 10 Nov 2024
最后更新: 15 Dec 2022

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 存在的危险因素
  • 头皮瘙痒
  • 活的幼虱或成虱
  • 头皮 1 cm 范围内的毛干上能见到卵
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • 后颈部发际线下的小红丘疹
  • 淋巴结肿大
  • 头皮带有蜜色结痂的红斑
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危险因素

  • 年龄 3-12 岁
  • 女性
  • 与被头虱感染的个体密切接触
  • 过度拥挤或封闭的生活环境
  • 低等社会经济状况
  • 卫生条件差
  • 与被污染的衣物、头发护理物品、床上用品接触
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诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 不需要试验
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治疗流程

急症处理

年龄<2 个月的儿童

年龄≥2 个月且<2 岁的儿童

年龄≥2 岁的儿童和成人

撰稿人

作者

Aicha Salhi, MD

Professor of Dermatology

Faculty of Medicine

University of Algiers

Algeria

利益声明

AS declares that she has no competing interests.

鸣谢

Professor Aicha Salhi would like to gratefully acknowledge Professor Hermann Feldmeier and Professor Barbara L. Frankowski, previous contributors to this topic.

利益声明

HF has received consultant and lecture fees from Pohl-Boskamp GmbH, and Co KG, Hohenlockstedt, Germany, and Almirall Hermal GmbH, Reinbek, Germany; both companies produce various anti-head louse compounds. He is also an author of several references cited in this topic. BLF is an author of a reference cited in this topic.

同行评议者

Richard J. Pollack, PhD

Research Associate

Laboratory of Public Health Entomology

Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases

Harvard School of Public Health

Boston

MA

利益声明

RJP has received a research donation by Taro Pharmaceuticals (manufacturer of Ovide) and has been compensated as an independent consultant for scientific review services by Topaz Pharmaceuticals, Hatchtech, and ParaPro, each developing products for the US market. RJP holds no financial interest in any of these companies or their products. RJP is an author of several references cited in this topic.

Ian F. Burgess, MSc, MPhil

Professor

Director

Medical Entomology Centre

University of Cambridge

Cambridge

UK

利益声明

IFB has been a consultant to various manufacturers of pharmaceutical products, alternative therapies, and combs for treating louse infections. IFB is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Kosta Y. Mumcuoglu, PhD

Professor

Department of Parasitology

Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School

Jerusalem

Israel

利益声明

KYM is an author of several references cited in this topic.

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