小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 与暴露场所其他患者症状类似
- 咳嗽
- 呼吸困难
- 声嘶或发声困难
- 头痛
- 头晕
- 呼吸急促
- 缺氧
- 面部烧伤
- 上气道水肿
- 喘鸣
- 哮鸣音
- 爆裂音
- 意识丧失
- 惊厥
其他诊断因素
- 心动过速
- 低血压
- 恶心
危险因素
- 已知的吸入暴露
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 脉搏血氧测量测定法
- 动脉血气
- 碳氧血红蛋白 (CO-Hb) 水平
- 胸部 X 线检查
- 心电图 (ECG)
- 心电监护
- 尿毒物学筛查
- 血清乙醇水平
需考虑的检查
- 肺功能检查 (PFT)
- 喉镜检查和支气管镜检查
- 血清乳酸
新兴检查
- 氰化物水平
治疗流程
所有患者
撰稿人
作者
Matthew R. Stutz, MD
Fellow
Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
Department of Medicine
University of Chicago
Chicago
IL
利益声明
MRS declares that he has no competing interests.
Jason T. Poston, MD
Associate Professor
Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
Department of Medicine
University of Chicago
Chicago
IL
利益声明
JTP declares that he has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Matthew R. Stutz and Dr Jason T. Poston would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Karen C. Dugan and Dr John P. Kress, previous contributors to this topic.
利益声明
KCD and JPK declared that they had no competing interests.
同行评议者
Leopoldo C. Cancio, MD
Critical Care Fellow
US Army Burn Center
US Army Institute of Surgical Research
Brooke Army Medical Center
Fort Sam Houston
TX
利益声明
LCC declares that he has no competing interests.
Rhys Thomas, MD
Honorary Consultant in Anesthesia and Intensive Care
Queen Victoria Hospital
East Grinstead
Honorary Consultant
Royal London Hospital
London
UK
利益声明
RT declares that he has no competing interests.
Brendan Madden, MD, MSc, FRCP, FRCPI
Professor of Cardiothoracic Medicine
St George's Hospital
London
UK
利益声明
BM declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 哮喘
- 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD)
- 心源性水肿
更多 鉴别诊断指南
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