小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 意识丧失
- 入院前心肺复苏或除颤
- 心动过速
- 低血压
- Glasgow 昏迷评分低
- 烧伤
- 身体损伤
其他诊断因素
- 外周血管脉搏减弱以及毛细血管再充盈不良
- 人体核心温度低
- 意识模糊
- 麻痹
危险因素
- 年龄小于 6 岁
- 建筑行业工人
- 男性
- 参加户外运动
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 心电图（ECG
- 全血细胞计数 (FBC
- 电解质
- 肝功能检查 (LFT)
- 凝血功能检查
- 肌酸激酶
- 尿肌红蛋白
- 心肌酶（肌酸激脢同工酶和肌钙蛋白
- 毒理学筛查
- 胸部 X 线检查（CXR
需考虑的检查
- X 线平片检查
- 头部 CT
- 头部 MRI
- 室间压力测量
治疗流程
所有患者
撰稿人
作者
Baljit Dheansa, MBBS, FRCS, MSc, FRCS (Plast)
Consultant Burns, Plastic & Reconstructive Surgeon
Honorary Senior Lecturer
Queen Victoria Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
West Sussex
UK
利益声明
BD receives reimbursement for his time as a member of the data monitoring committee for a trial using Nexobrid, a product used in treating burns.
Juan Enrique Berner, MD, MSc, MRCS
Senior Fellow in Plastic Surgery
Queen Victoria Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
West Sussex
UK
利益声明
JEB declares that he has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Mr Dheansa and Dr Berner would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr T Grant Phillips, a previous contributor to this topic. TGP declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Stephen J. Ritz, DO
UPMC St. Margaret Family Medicine Residency and Faculty Development Fellowship
Osteopathic Family Practice/Rotating Internship Program
Pittsburgh
PA
利益声明
SJR declares that he has no competing interests.
Catalina C. Ionita, MD
Assistant Professor of Neurology and Neurosurgery
SUNY
Buffalo
NY
利益声明
CCI declares that she has no competing interests.
Bernd Hartmann, MD
Chief Physician
Centre for Severe Burns Injuries with Plastic Surgery
Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin (Trauma Hospital Berlin)
Berlin
Germany
利益声明
BH declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 心脏停搏
- 室性心律失常
- 非法药物使用
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