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视网膜脱离

最后审阅: 1 Nov 2024
最后更新: 21 Jun 2023

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 存在的危险因素
  • 中央视力丧失或恶化
  • 闪光感
  • 外周视野缺损
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • 飞蚊症
完整详情

危险因素

  • 玻璃体后脱离
  • 年龄增长
  • 近视
  • 既往白内障手术史
  • 创伤
  • 既往眼科手术史
  • 眼内肿瘤
  • 玻璃体出血
  • 累及对侧眼
  • 糖尿病
  • 早产儿视网膜病
  • 眼部炎症/感染
  • 外周视网膜变性
  • 解剖学异常
  • 与年龄相关的黄斑变性
  • 男性使用磷酸二酯酶-5 抑制剂
  • 儿童期遗传性和血管性病因
  • 儿童期肿瘤
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 视敏度检查
  • 裂隙灯检查
  • 间接检眼镜检查
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • 宽视野彩色摄影
  • 光学相干断层扫描(患眼)
  • B 超检查(患眼)
  • 眼眶 CT/MRI
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

玻璃体后脱离,但无裂孔/撕裂

视网膜裂孔/撕裂,但无视网膜脱离

孔源性 RD

牵拉性 RD

渗出性 RD

出血性 RD

撰稿人

作者

Ferenc Kuhn, MD, PhD
Ferenc Kuhn

Director of Clinical Research

Helen Keller Foundation for Research and Education

Associate Professor of Ophthalmology

University of Alabama at Birmingham

Birmingham

AL

Consultant and Chief Vitreoretinal Surgeon

Department of Ophthalmology

University of Pécs Medical School

Pécs

Hungary

利益声明

FK declares that he has no competing interests.

鸣谢

Dr Kuhn would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Robert Morris, a previous contributor to this monograph. RM declares that he has no competing interests.

同行评议者

David Steel, MBBS, FRCOphth

Consultant Ophthalmologist

Sunderland Eye Infirmary

Sunderland

UK

利益声明

DS declares that he has no competing interests.

Michael W. Stewart, MD

Professor and Chairman of Ophthalmology

Mayo Clinic

Jacksonville

FL

利益声明

MWS declares that he has no competing interests.

Ron Adelman, MD, MPH, FACS

Associate Professor of Ophthalmology

Yale University School of Medicine

New Haven

CT

利益声明

RA declares that he has no competing interests.

Scott Fraser, MD, FRCS (Ed), FRCOphth

Consultant Ophthalmologist

Sunderland Eye Infirmary

Sunderland

UK

利益声明

SF declares that he has no competing interests.

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