小结
定义
病史和体格检查
诊断性检查
治疗流程
撰稿人
作者
Jan Rakinic, MD, FACS, FASCRS
Professor of Surgery
Chief
Section of Colorectal Surgery
Southern Illinois University School of Medicine
Springfield
IL
利益声明
JR is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
鸣谢
Dr Jan Rakinic would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr C. Neal Ellis, a previous contributor to this topic. CNE declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Mark H. Whiteford, MD
Assistant Professor of Surgery
Colon and Rectal Surgery
Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery Division
The Oregon Clinic
Portland
OR
利益声明
MHW declares that he has no competing interests.
Neil Hyman, MD
Chief
Division of General Surgery
Professor of Surgery
Fletcher Allen Healthcare
Burlington
VT
利益声明
NH declares that he has no competing interests.
Steven Brown, MBChB, FRCS, MD, BMedSci
Consultant Surgeon
Department of Colorectal Surgery
Sheffield Teaching Hospitals
Sheffield
UK
利益声明
SB declares that he has no competing interests.
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